births because they cover the period hitherto attributed to that of the second child, Thomas, and to show there was no other son of that Christian name born therein. she was As no name is given by biographers to Sir John's second wife, may we not assume, from the evidence of the before-named MS., that Agnes, daughter of Thomas Graunger," and that probably she was the first wife of the judge, and the daughter of Handcombe the second wife? But whether she was first or second, she clearly was the mother of the Chancellor. MR. W. A. WRIGHT also suggested in 1868 that "if any heraldic reader of N. & Q.' could find what are the arms quartered with those of More upon the Chancellor's tomb at Chelsea, they would probably throw some light upon the question." "Sir Thomas de la More, Knight, who was courtier in the reigns of Edward the First, Edward the Second,, and Edward the Third, and was a servant (and wrote the life) of King Edward the Second." This work I have never seen. It possibly may throw some light upon its author. Can any reader of N. & Q.' inform me about it? Dibdin and modern publishers cast doubts upon this work, which was dedicated to Charles I., because Cresacre More and other biographers of the Chancellor do not allude to the pedigrees therein given; but as the same biographers express their own ignorance about the wives of Sir John More and of the quartered arms he bore from his birth, and state that King Henry seized all the family evidences, it is not unreasonable to imagine there may be truth in this hitherto discredited pedigree. If the quartered arms can be identified, that will help much. What were the arms of the De Eschallers? Possibly a scrutiny of some of the More wills in the Prerogative Court of Canterbury may give information upon Sir John's ancestry. Hitherto I have only proved he was son of John More, a Reader in Lincoln's Inn, of have of his mother, Johanna, daughter of whose wife I have no record, although I John Leycester. That, of course, is as to the ancestry of the family. The quartering in question is Argent, on a chevron between three unicorns' heads erased sable, as many bezants. Whose arms are these, and how and when acquired by the More family? It is written by More's biographer that Sir John "bare arms from his birth, having his coat quartered, which doth argue that he came to his inherit ance by descent," and "must needs be a gentleman." As they were not the arms of the Leycesters, Sir John's mother being of that name, they must have been acquired in some earlier time. The only arms I can find similar are those of the Killingbecks of Yorkshire; but how and when they were connected with the Mores there has been no evidence to show, unless we venture to imagine the later circumstance of Ann Cresacre, the heiress of Barnborough Hall, Yorkshire, living in the Chancellor's family as a child, and subsequently marrying John More, as responsible for an earlier associa-Rufinus, or Rufus (Hist. Sacr.,' ii. 39), which tion with that county, through such a connexion as the Killingbecks. However, the fact of Sir John More bearing quartered arms from his birth is evidence of ancestry now lost record of, and this is perhaps to be accounted for from the fact of the Chancellor's execution taking place when his family was comparatively young, and, as his great-grandson writes, "by reason of King Henry's seizure of all our evidences we cannot certainly tell who were Sir John's ancestors, yet must they needs be gentlemen." This uncertainty, and the fact of the quartered arms not being identified satisfactorily, incline me to think there may be more truth in the curious work in the British Museum written in 1640 by Thomas de Eschallers de la More, in which he gives a sketch of a pedigree from, inter alia, Any elucidation of the foregoing queries will be acceptable. C. T. J. MOORE, F.S.A. (Col. and C.B.). Frampton Hall, near Boston. SULPICIUS SEVERUS AND THE BIRTH OF CHRIST.-It is well known that this early Christian writer (the intimate friend of St. Martin of Tours) places the Nativity of Christ in the consulship of Sabinus and would be B.C. 4 of our ordinary chronology. But he states that Herod the Great did not die until four years afterwards. Although he agrees in this with Epiphanius, it has been clearly proved that it is erroneous, and that Herod died in the spring of B.C. 4, a few months after the birth of Christ. But the most remarkable error in Sulpicius is that which follows. He tells us that the tetrarch Archelaus succeeded Herod, and ruled nine years, and Herod (meaning Antipas, the eldest son of Herod the Great) twenty-four years. Then he adds, "Hoc regnante, anno regni octavo et decimo, Dominus crucifixus est, Fufio Gemino et Rubellio Gemino consulibus." Their consulship corresponded to A.D. 29; but a more confused statement than the above could hardly be. We know, by the evidence of coins, that Herod Antipas ruled as of the citizens, notably the butchers' boys of Ormond Market. A portion of a song still survives composed by a member of the latter fraternity, as follows: We won't leave a weaver alive in the Coombe, We'll rip up his tripe-bag and burn his loom. have also heard the district called "St. Patrick's Liberties." St. Patrick's Cathedral is close at hand. J. H. MURRAY. Edinburgh. tetrarch into a forty-fourth year, so that Sulpicius's twenty-four must be a slip-xxiv. for xliv. We also know that Antipas was removed and banished by order of Caligula in A.D. 40, which shows that his father's death took place in B.C. 4; and this is confirmed by the ten years' ethnarchy of Archelaus, which ter-I minated in A.D. 6. But what does Sulpicius mean by saying that the crucifixion of our Lord took place in the eighteenth year "hoc regnante," which should signify of the rule of Antipas Probably the reading is corrupt, and that of the principate of Tiberius is meant. If so, Sulpicius, like Eusebius, reckons the years of Tiberius not from the death of Augustus, which took place in A.D. 14, but from the previous time when Tiberius was admitted to a share in the empire, and took the command of the army. As our Lord was thirty when He commenced His ministry in A.D. 26, and it seems to have lasted over three years, this brings the date of the Crucifixion to A.D. 30. W. T. LYNN. Blackheath. On THE VOCABOLARIO DELLA CRUSCA.' 12 December the solenne adunanza of the Accademia della Crusca was held in Florence, when it was reported that the last fasciculus issued ends with the word intendere, and that the compilation has reached the word intra. At this rate, it ought not to take Dr. Murray very long to overtake the venerable Florentine institution. Q. V. "THE EARL OF MEATH'S LIBERTY."-Portion of the south-west district of the city of Dublin is so called. It was formerly the seat of the silk and poplin industry. It was largely peopled by the descendants of a Huguenot colony that settled there during the reign of William III., and it is said that late into the last century a French patois was spoken there. Unlike their co-religionists in London, however, they seem to have left little mark on the language of the present-day inhabitants. That distress often prevailed amongst them is shown by an order of the Irish Government in 1720, ordering sermons to be preached in all the parish churches "in aid of the distressed weavers." A similar order was made in 1729 to compel linen scarves and hatbands to be worn at funerals, to assist the linen industry. The "Liberty," though now a decayed portion of the city, was formerly a most thriving centre, embracing many streets, the Coombe, I think, one of them-the latter a broad and long thoroughfare running east and west. Much rioting often took place here between the weavers and other bodies "WINGED SKYE."- In 'The Lord of the Isles,' III. xi., Scott says of the two boats just starting from the Sound of Mull, On different voyage forth they ply, This for the coast of winged Skye, And that for Erin's shore. The editor of the 'Oxford Scott' pulls up at 'winged Skye"-boggles at it, as horsemen say of nervous animals-and ventures to suggest that Scott may have written This winged for the coast of Skye. This is very funny. One wonders what Scott himself would have thought had he known that it was considered possible for him to indulge in such a wild metaphorical flight. Editors should learn that Scott invariably knew what he was writing about. In this case he was aware that the natives of Skye, looking to its conformation, called it, "the island of wings." The annotator in the with the Celtic love of brightness and colour, Clarendon Press edition of the poem writes a modest note on the subject, which is correct so far as it goes. The boldness of the Oxford editor is astonishing. A SCOT. THE FIRE IN CRIPPLEGATE.-Very nearly the whole of the property destroyed by the recent fire in Cripplegate belonged to the Goldsmiths' Company. Jewin Street, which was in the centre of the fire, was laid out by this Company in 1652. There is the following entry in the Minutes of the Proceedings of the Court of Assistants of the Company, dated 14 May, 1652: It is ordered that Mr. Jarman, the carpenter, and Mr. Burridge, the bricklayer, shall proceed to make the common streets or passages out of Shoe Lane towards Fetter Lane, and out of Red Cross houses and lay open such gardens as they shall Street into Aldersgate Street, and pull down such think fit, according to the designs formerly approved, and if obstructed by any tenant or otherwise they are to acquaint the Committee forthwith." The street referred to "out of Red Cross Street into Aldersgate Street" is now known as Jewin Street, and was originally about 24 ft. wide for the greater part of its length, about 15 ft. wide at its eastern end, and about 11 ft. wide at its western end. Howell in his 'Londinopolis,' 1657 (p. 342), says: "Then is there from about the middle of Aldersgate - street, a handsome new street butted out; and fairly built by the Company of Goldsmiths, which reacheth athwart as far as Redcrosse-street." Howell's notion of a handsome street hardly agrees with modern views as regards width. It appears from an interesting lithographic plan of this locality prepared by Mr. J. Wornham Penfold, the surveyor to the Goldsmiths' Company, showing the street improvements made by the Company during the last two hundred and fifty years, which was laid before the jury empanelled to inquire into the late fire, that Hamsell Street was in 1690 known as Red Cross Alley, and afterwards as Red Cross Square. Well Street was originally called Crouders Well Alley, and was so named from a well called Crouders Well, which formerly existed on the east side near St. Giles's Vicarage. Crouders Well Alley was originally only 7 ft. wide, but as Well Street its width has been gradually increased to from 20 ft. to 25 ft., and it would probably have been further widened had the land on the east side been the property of the ComPHILIP NORMAN. pany. 45, Evelyn Gardens. Queries. We must request correspondents desiring information on family matters of only private interest to affix their names and addresses to their queries, in order that the answers may be addressed to them direct. "CREAR."-This word, with the meaning "to rear," appears as a Lincolnshire expression in Brogden's 'Provincial Words' (1866). As Brogden is our only authority for this word, I should be glad to hear from any one who has met with it either in literature or in provincial speech. THE EDITOR OF "THE ENGLISH DIALECT DICTIONARY.' The Clarendon Press, Oxford. PORTRAIT OF NAPOLEON BY ROBERT LEFEVRE. -Such a picture was exhibited "throughout England, Scotland, and Ireland" in 1818 or 1819, and on 17 February in the latter year was in charge of a Mr. Bell, proprietor of the Weekly Messenger, at the Westminster Central Mart, corner of Southampton Street, Strand. Will any of your readers kindly say what has become of this picture, and whether it was a full-length? Lynch (by his wife Judith, eldest daughter tion that can be given respecting an artist WILLIAM WENTWORTH.-I should be glad REV. WILLIAM EDWARDS, Rector of Tenby from April, 1770, till February, 1795.-Wanted information with regard to parentage, date of birth, and birthplace, also the names of livings he may have filled previous to 1770. LADY BETTY. DE ROS FAMILY OF HAMLAKE.-Were the original possessions of this family at one or village of Normandy, in the election of Caen, more of the following places, viz., Rots, a and near that city; Ros-Landrieux, a village of Bretagne, in the diocese and receipt of, and near Dol; or Ros-sur-Couesnon, another village of Bretagne, in the last-named diocese, but near Pontarson? Is it not possible that the surname Ros, Rooe, Roos, may be derived rocks backwards and forwards (Router or from roo (Derbyshire dialect)=a thing that Roo-tor Rocks, Stanton Moor, co. Derby)? Apsley House. Is Hamlake, co. York, temp. Hen. III., idenSIR THOMAS LYNCH.-His father was Theo-tical with the modern Helmsley; and, if so, philus Lynch, the seventh son of William why and when was the name changed; or is it EVELYN WELLINGTON. merely the name of the ancestral seat in that locality? Also, where is Hamlake (anc. Hamelac), co. Leicester; and what is the connexion between this place and Hamlake, co. York? Vide Britton and Brayley's 'Beauties of England and Wales,' vol. iii. p. 499, and articles on Ros and De Ros in Lower's English Surnames,' Dictionary of National Biography,' and Burke's Peerage.' JAMES TALBOT. Adelaide, South Australia. "TEXTILE." This word appears to be getting into use to signify not only any thing woven, but also the fibres from which textile fabrics are made. Of late several instances have been noted, the most recent being that in the Economist of 18 December, p. 1788, where mention is made of "the plots of land on which those textiles have been grown." What authority is there for this use of the word in question? COL Y FLOR. [In the Century Dictionary' one of the meanings is A material suitable for weaving into a textile fabric, as hemp and other textiles.' "The Journal of the Society of Arts reports the discovery of a new textile on the shores of the Caspian......This plant, called Kanoff by the natives,......attains a height of ten feet."] HEATHCOTE FAMILY.-I shall be grateful if any of your readers can tell me where an article of some length, with pedigrees of the Heathcote family, appeared, which was printed some few years ago in, I presume, some periodical, and who was the author of it. I have myself seen only those leaves which applied to the family in question, torn out of their place in some book, apparently, as the first page was numbered 353, and at the top were only the words "The Pedigrees." The article must have been written since 1888, as Lord Willoughby D'Eresby is referred to in it, and he only succeeded to the title in that year. None of my family to whom I have applied can tell me anything about it. Answers may be sent to me direct. (Rev.) EVELYN D. HEATHCOTE. 71, Oakley Street, Chelsea. Some REFERENCE TO STORY WANTED. thirty odd years ago a story appeared in a serial publication-if my memory serves me truly it was Chambers's Journal-relating a fraud perpetrated by an adventurer, moving for a brief period in good society, who, designing to abscond from the scene of his operations, raised the capital for his flight to the Antipodes by a daring trick. He invited his well-to-do intimates - having taken the pains to ascertain beforehand the names of their respective bankers and the state of their current accounts-to a farewell supper on the eve of his embarkation, desiring that each friend should, in intimating his acceptance, forward a carte-de-visite of himself, to be carried by the host in his exile as a souvenir. After the feast the rogue produced an album with all the photographs neatly mounted therein, and a space left beneath each portrait in which he pathetically implored the subject to add to the value of the card by subscribing his autograph. A few days after the disappearance of the sentimental rascal it was discovered that a blank cheque on each subscriber's bankers, surreptitiously interleaved, had received the necessary credential to enable drafts of more or less value to be presented, all of which had been duly honoured. Can any reader of N. & Q' kindly furnish me with a reference to this tale? No doubt it (the reference) is duly given in Poole's 'Index to Periodical Literature'; but, unfortunately, I have forgotten the title, and so do not know under what head to search for it. NEMO. author of 'Sylva Britannica' and translator JACOB GEORGE STRUTT, painter and etcher, of Claudian. Is anything known as to his parentage or the date of his death? exhibited for the last time in 1858. F. M. O'D. He THOMAS EYRE, OF HELMDON, NORTHANTS. - Can the readers of 'N. & Q' supply anything bearing upon the parentage of Thomas Eyre, of Helmdon, Northants? He was buried there 1773 (?), aged about seventy have been Haynes. The above Thomas Eyre years. His wife's maiden name is thought to that parish. A square altar-tomb remains to his memory in the churchyard. He was Sir James Eyre, of Brook Street. grandfather of the late London physician was a landowner and also a churchwarden in SWARRATON. HERALD.-Spelman quotes (Glossarium,' ed. 1664, s. v. "Heraldus") "e quadam apochâ anno 4 Edouardi I. (vel circiter) confecta"; in which "Petrus Rex Heraudorum citra ledges the receipt of twenty marcs of silver aquam de Trent ex parte boreali" acknowfrom John, son of Master Ralph, of Horbery. Does this document still exist; and where? ROBT. J. WHITWELL. 70, Banbury Road, Oxford. KENTISH MEN: MEN OF KENT.-I should be much obliged if you could tell me or refer me to some book on the nature of the distinction between "Kentish men" and "Men of Kent." Does the distinction point to the privileges said to have been granted by William I. immediately after Hastings; or to the existence of two kingdoms in Kent; or to the difference between the dioceses of Rochester and Canterbury? And what is the territorial line existing between the two classes? GEOFFRY HILL. [See 8th S. v. 400, 478.] PHILIP II. OF SPAIN. His first wife was Maria of Portugal. What was the date of the marriage, and when did she die? Major Martin Hume, Philip's latest biographer, makes the union to have lasted only eleven months (Philip II.' in "Foreign Statesmen," p. 16). I have access only to ordinary reference books, but these, including 'L'Art de Vérifier' (third edition), make the interval considerably longer. CUSTOS. MEDIEVAL MEASURES.-In the Marescalcia Rolls of Durham Abbey we find constant mention of the bushel, peck, gallon, pottle, and quart, and pretty frequently also a measure called "tercia pars," i. e., I presume, a third of a gallon; but there also occur “xiij pars” and “xxiiij pars." Are these latter known elsewhere; and are they parts of a gallon? Bp. Hatfield's Hall, Durham. 66 J. T. F. BIOGRAPHICAL.-I should greatly value any biographical information concerning the following persons buried at Fulham: Baron Ernest Maltzan, b. 8 Oct., 1827, d. 21 Sept., 1854; William Hill, d. 20 Nov., 1864 (sec. of Court Fraternity 1711, A.O.F.); Mrs. Ann Dacre, d. 30 July, 1858, daughter of Charles and Ann Dibdin (was this Charles Dibdin identical with the author of 'Tom Bowling'?); A. J. Kempe, d. 21 Aug., 1846, antiquary; Mary Ansted, d. 2 March, 1863, aged 101 (she was aunt of Prof. Ansted, the geologist); Frederick Nussen, d. 19 March, 1779, musician to George III. and steward to Earl Brooke; John Brown, d. 1 July, 1771, one of the Yeomen Warders of the Tower"; Euseby Cleaver, D.D., d. 10 Dec., 1819, Abp. of Dublin; John Druce, d. 15 March, 1818, "Navy Agent"; John Ord, d. 6 June, 1814, Master in Chancery; Capt. Hervey Bagot, R.N., d. 18 Jan., 1816, son of the Rev. Walter Bagot, Rector of Blithfield, Staffs; Rev. Duncan Robertson, D.D., "founder of the London Gaelic Chapel," d. 21 March, 1825; Capt. John Webster, d. 22 June, 1825, paymaster 1st or King's Dragoon Guards; Lady Anderson Shirley, d. 25 July, 1808, wife of the Hon. Admiral Thos. Shirley; F. J. H. de la Bigne de Belle Fontaine, d. 14 Oct., 1811; Richard Price, d. 22 Jan., 1787; Lady Henrietta Gordon, d. 14 Feb., 1789, daughter of Allen, Duke of Gordon; Capt. Emmeness, d. 22 Oct., 1776; Charles Jean Delille, d. 13 Dec., 1858, of 32, Ely Place, French master at the City of London School. A note sent to the undermentioned address would save space in 'N. & Q.,' and be more acceptable to the querist. CHAS. JAS. FÈRET. 49, Edith Road, West Kensington, W. Beplies. "THROUGH-STONE." (8th S. xii. 487.) tion that inquirers would greatly help the I HAVE more than once offered the suggesstudents who are prepared to make answer by carefully refraining from attempting to answer the question themselves. It only causes needless worry and confusion. In the present instance, for example, we are told that "doubtless a through-stone fare of the churchyard." This is a mere means a stone placed in the path or thoroughstumbling-block, of no use except to mislead less" it means nothing of the kind. and burke the whole question; for doubt It is a constant surprise to me to find that Early English is so completely a sealed book to many Englishmen that they are perfectly helpless concerning it; they do not even know the names of the most obvious sources of reference. One would have thought that the simplest thing to do would have been to consult such books as Webster's 'Dictionary (under "through"), Halliwell's Provincial Dictionary,' Jamieson's 'Scottish Dictionary' (under "thruch-stane"), Stratmann's 'MiddleEnglish Dictionary' (under "thruh"), Mayhew and Skeat's 'Concise Dictionary of Middle English' (under "thruh"), Wright's 'Provincial English Dictionary,' Ogilvie's Imperial Dictionary' (under "through-stane"), the 'Promptorium Parvulorum' (under "thurwhe-stone"), Sweet's Concise A.-S. Dictionary' (under "thruh"), and others of a like kind. exact sense is not quite easy to give; but it most likely had the usual sense, that of "flat gravestone," and the reference is probably to that of some gravestone well known to the particular people who had to bury the body. · The The original sense of the A.-S. thruh was simply a coffin or a trough, though Dr. Bosworth is certainly mistaken in connecting it with trough, which is from A.-S. trog, and differs in the initial letter and in the vowelsound. The Icel. thrō usually meant a trough, but stein-thrō meant a stone chest or stone coffin; and it is tolerably clear that the sense was changed, in Northern English, |