I

SIR,

To Mr. Bradley.

Prefume it may not be amifs to give you fome fmall Account of the Conveniencies and Ufefulness of my Water Wheel, beyond other Water Wheels.

Firft, That navigable Rivers will not admit of being ftopt by penning up the Water, as is requir'd for all Water-Mills now made use of, therefore fuch Mills are not useful therein: But my Wheel requires no penning up the Water, but may be fet between two Barges, or otherwife fix'd to the Ground, and is never interrupted by back Water; but the deeper it lieth in the Water, the more powerful it acts, and according as the Velocity of the Stream is, fo may the Wheel be proportion'd, either for Power or Speed.

Secondly, As there are many Rivers which have quick Currents, but will not admit of penning up its Heads of Water, by reafon it may endanger overflowing the Lands adjacent, and alfo the erecting Mills is very expenfive; but my Wheel, requiring neither penning up, or fuch expenfive Foundations, is undoubtedly much preferable to all others.

Thirdly, My Wheel is equally useful at the Tail of other Mills, where the Water is deep. For Inftance, at the Mill which is on Hackney River, to ferve that Town with Water, where they have penn'd up the Water, and interrupted the Navigation, to the great Trouble and Dagreat

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mage

mage of fuch who trade that Way; and at the Tail of that Mill is deep Water, my Wheel would perform more Work than the first Mill doth: And also at the Temple Mills, the fame may be done without the leaft Interruption to them now in Ufe.

Sir, I think the Conveniencies abovemention'd are fufficient to fhew my Wheel to be worthy Notice; and, upon any Occafion, I fhall be ready and able to demonftrate, that all I have faid of it is Fact.

I am, Sir, your's,

W. HARDING.

Fig. III. represents this Wheel Length Ways. Fig. IV. the Front View, and Fig. V. a different View of its Fans Length-ways, with the manner how the Screw on the Axle-tree turns the Counter Wheel.

An Account of a new Invention for raifing of Water, and how far an Engine of this kind may produce a continued Motion, even though the Foundation be a Still Water, or a Fund of Water without any Current.

T

Hough I cannot boast of being so active in the World, as ever to make any confiderable Advantages of the Discoveries which now and then are the Effect of my Studies; yet I am not lefs diligent than other People in the

Employment

Employment of my Time for the publick Good; and fometimes am lucky enough to hit upon an Invention that proves ufeful and profitable to those who can push their Fortunes.

Among other Things, which make part of my Studies, I have bent my Mind' fometimes to contrive Ways for raifing Water, and meliorating it.

One of the Defigns, which will afford my Reader fome Speculation, I fhall give in these Papers, that it may be brought to Practice, or at leaft cultivate fuch Notions among the Curious, as may help their Studies.

But before I describe my Engine, it will be neceffary to fhew my Reader on what Occafion it may be employ'd, and in what Cafe it may be most useful, which I fhall explain by defcribing the Situation of the Ground, which first led me to the Thought of the Invention.

Near one of the most magnificent Palaces in England, is a very large Pool of ftanding Water, which lies fo much below the House, that it is with great Coft and Labour that the House is benefited by it; nor is it more useful to the fine Gardens that encompass it, than barely to maintain Fish, and ferve for Ornament. The Lands which are adjoining to this Pool, are in fome Places higher than the Houfe, and in others much lower than the Pool; both which contribute to bring about my Defign: For upon the higher Ground may be made fuch a Refervoir as will ferve the House, and the Lands which lie below the Pool are of Service to my Purpose, for raifing the Water from the Pool to the Reservoir to be made upon the high Grounds; from whence it might, for Ornament fake, be let fall in Cascades into the firft Pool, or

great Fund of Water, and fo keep in Motion for a long Time. As for Example,

Fig. I. A is the great Pool of Water, from whence a Pipe must be laid to turn an overfhot Wheel in a Pond below it, mark'd B. The Motion of this overfhot Wheel turns a Chain of Buckets, which dip in the Pond B, and are guided up and down by two Ropes, which are plac'd at fuch Distances from one another, as to keep the Chain tight; fo that the full Buckets empty themselves about fourteen or fixteen Foot above the Surface of the Water in B; and the Water which is thus continually discharg❜d from the Buckets into a Trough, runs into an upper Receiver mark'd C, where there, may be about ten Foot gain'd in Height above the Pool A. When the Refervoir C is full, we may let the Water run from thence to turn an oversho: Wheel in the Refervoir D, which must be so much lower than C, as to cause a Fall to turn the overfhot Wheel in D; and this overfho Wheel will turn another Chain of Buckets like the former, fo as to carry the Water high nough to run into the Reservoir E, which we may fuppofe lies about fixteen Foot higher than D and then both the Wheels with their Chains of Buckets, will have rais'd the Water about twenty two Foot above A, or the great Pool: And if that is high enough for our Purpose, we may let the Water fall from thence in Cafcade to the firft Fountain A, to fupply the Draught of Water which is expended for turning the Wheel in B; and if this be rightly manag'd, and juft Proportion obferv'd, I am apt to believe will anfwer the End I propofe of raifing Water, and the Water will be in continual Motion, and enrich

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