Employed for special subjects. French.-M. Dupont. German.-Max Müller, Esq., M.A., Professor of Modern European Italian.-Sir J. Lacaita and Signor Pistrucci. Persian.-Colonel Ouseley. Portuguese.-Signor Monteiro. Russian.-The Rev. E. Popoff, Chaplain to the Russian Embassy. Spanish.-J. De Mora, Esq.; Rev. L. Lucena, Teacher of Spanish in the Taylorian Institution, Oxford; and Signor Vives. Engineering, &c.-Capt. Galton, R.E., Deputy Inspector General of Fortifications. Mining, &c.-Professor Warrington W. Smyth. Law.-H. S. Maine, Esq., LL.D., Reader in Jurisprudence and the Civil Law to the Hon. Society of the Middle Temple. For Examinations in Scotland. A. C. Longmore, Esq., Exchequer Office, Edinburgh. For Examinations in Ireland. G. J. Stoney, Esq., F.R.S., Queen's University, Dublin. Employed for the Examinations for the Civil Service of India. English Language and Literature.-G. W. Dasent, Esq., D.C.L. ; Rev. Dr. Angus, M.A.; and T. C. Sandars, Esq., M.A. Greek and Latin Languages and Literature.-Rev. C. J. Vaughan,, D.D., and Rev. Osborne Gordon, M.A. French Language and Literature.-M. Cassal. German Language and Literature.-Rev. Dr. Walbaum. Italian Language and Literature.-Sir James Lacaita. Sanskrit Language and Literature.-Max Müller, Esq., M.A. Arabic Language and Literature.-Col. Ouseley. Mathematics.-W. Hopkins, Esq., M.A., and P. Tait, Esq., M.A. Natural Science.-G. D. Liveing, Esq., M.A. Moral Science.-Alexander Bain, Esq. Jurisprudence and Hindu and Mahommedan Law.-W. Macpherson, Esq. History and Geography of India.-Max Müller, Esq. ·Political Economy.-R. H. Hutton, Esq. Hindustani and Telugu.-J. Dowson, Esq. Tamil.-H. Stokes, Esq. Guzeratti.-Mahiputram Rupram, Esq. In our several previous reports we have had occasion to mention, with grateful respect, the essential services rendered to us and to the public by the gentlemen, most of them highly distinguished in those branches of service to which they have addressed themselves, who have undertaken the duties of examination. Of those who are included in the list above set forth, we will only say that they are alike entitled to our gratitude and commendation. Examinations for the Civil Service of India. The open competitive examination for the Civil Service of India took place in July last, and its results are given in the Tables contained in the Appendix No. IV. The large number, 80, of these valuable appointments offered for competition on that occasion led us to expect a considerable increase in the number of candidates beyond those in former years; but only 154 presented themselves for examination. It is not difficult, however, to account for the number being thus limited, partly by the discouraging events in India in the previous years, partly by the slow diffusion of information as to the means and opportunities of obtaining these appointments, and partly by the countervailing prospects open to industrious and intelligent young men, both at the universities, and in the Artillery and Engineers, especially in the latter, since open competition has been introduced. The first two of these causes will gradually cease to be operative; and accordingly we find in the present year more candidates than in 1860; and the institution, at Oxford and Cambridge, and other universities, and public places of education, of courses of study corresponding to the requirements of the further examination of selected candidates, shows that the subject is receiving, from the public at large, the attention it deserves. It is gratifying to us to find that, as in former years, the successful candidates continue for the most part to be those who have been trained at the universities, and we think that it is fair to state that the Irish universities, as has been the case at previous examinations, send us candidates who do credit to the system of instruction and to the professors at those institutions. No less than 13 of the successful candidates came from Trinity College, Dublin, and amongst them the 5th, 6th, 7th, and 8th in the order of merit. Five proceeded from Queen's College, Belfast, including the 4th in order of merit, and one from Queen's College, Galway. We ought to add that eight successful candidates have come from Scotland. It may not be uninteresting to observe in which institutions. the candidates most distinguished in particular branches had been educated: In English Composition the best two were from Trinity College, Dublin, and the University of Melbourne. the best was from Queen's College, Belfast ; the second from North London Collegiate School. In English Literature In Classics In Mathematics In Natural Science In Moral Science In Sanskrit In aggregate of merit the best was from Queen's College, Belfast; the best was from Trinity College, Dublin; the third from Queen's College, Belfast. the first was from Corpus Christi College, Oxford; the second from the University of Aberdeen; the third from the University of Melbourne. We are able also to state that those of the 80 successful candidates who, according to their marks, occupy a low position in the list, have not only done sufficiently well to justify our belief in their intelligence, and our confidence in their future industry, but in several instances have shown considerable proficiency in particular subjects. We have watched with some anxiety that portion of the arrangements relating to the Indian Civil Servants which obliges the successful candidates at the competitive examination to undergo the further or pass examination after the interval of twelve months. This further special examination in 1860, including the selected candidates of 1859, took place in July last. As respects eight of these, they showed themselves so deficient in knowledge of some of the subjects prescribed that we were reluctantly obliged to refuse to give them our certificate. In discharging this duty, painful to ourselves and to those who were the subjects of it, we felt that it would nevertheless furnish a most useful and effective stimulus to future selected candidates, who would thus be fully convinced that their second examination would not be merely a matter of form, and that unless they made a proper use of the year allotted to them for this purpose, and acquired the rudiments of those branches of knowledge which are requisite to prepare them for their duties in India, they might run the risk of losing the benefit of their previous success. It was originally contemplated, as one of the regulations in reference to the candidates for the Civil Service of India, that any selected candidate who did not pass at the second examination should be struck off the list of selected candidates; but in the correspondence which took place between the department of the Secretary of State for India and this Commission on the subject, Lord Stanley, then Secretary of State for India, intimated his opinion that this would be too severe a penalty, and that he would prefer the rule to be in the following terms : "No candidate will be allowed to proceed to India until he "shall have passed the further examination, or after he has completed his 24th year." This rule, which gave to a candidate, if within the limit of age, an opportunity of recovering his lost time, was accordingly adopted, and was subsequently rendered more indulgent, as regards candidates selected in 1859, by substituting the maximum age of 25 for 24. Upon finding ourselves unable to grant certificates to the eight selected candidates alluded to, we communicated the circumstance to the Secretary of State for India (Sir C. Wood), requesting his decision whether these candidates should be permitted to present themselves again, and if so, whether in July next with the selected candidates who were to be examined in the present year, or at some earlier intermediate period. Sir C. Wood decided that these eight candidates, or such of them as we should think worthy of the indulgence, should be allowed another opportunity of proving their fitness for admission into the service, provided they should be within the prescribed age at the time of the next examination, but that a second rejection should be final. He was also of opinion that this further examination should be delayed till the ordinary further examination in July next, and that they should take rank according to their place in this second examination. Sensible of the extreme importance of giving a proper direction to the studies of the selected candidates during what may be termed their year of probation, and especially as regards Law, we carefully considered this portion of our arrangements, and we derived valuable assistance from a correspondence* transmitted to us by the Secretary of State for India, which he had received from the Governor of Bombay, on the subject of the legal education of Civil Servants in the judicial branch of the public service in India. The letter of our secretary, Mr. Maitland, to Mr. Hawkins, of the India Office, of the 13th April 1860, and our revised printed instructions to selected candidates, both of which documents are in the Appendix to this Report, contain the full exposition of our views and our arrangements with reference to this subject. We adhere to our opinion of the importance of giving to the selected candidates opportunities of seeing and carefully observing actual proceedings, civil and criminal, in our courts of law. We subjoin that portion of our instructions to them which bears on this subject. (c) It is further required that each Candidate shall, before the end (1) Candidates are to select exclusively cases tried before See Appendix No. II. с and concisely the substance of the evidence given, the objections made to evidence, whether oral or documentary, the points, if any, on which a conflict of evidence has arisen, the arguments of counsel, the view taken by the judge, and the ultimate result, with any other details which may appear worthy of notice : (3) In addition to the more extended report a very short analytical statement of each case is to be given, showing, in criminal cases, the facts necessary to constitute the offence charged, and how those facts were proved, and, in civil cases, the exact points in issue, with the bearing of the evidence upon them : (4) Each Candidate is to append to his notes a declaration that they are bonâ fide his own composition, and have been derived from personal attendance in court: (4) Foolscap paper is to be used, with a margin; and attention must be paid to handwriting, which should be clear and large : (5) Questions upon the notes sent in will be asked in the viva voce portion of the examination of July, and such proportion of the marks assigned by the regulations to legal subjects as may be thought adequate will be allotted to them. With reference to the preceding instructions, the Civil Service Commissioners wish to state explicitly that they do not expect that candidates will obtain by an attendance on courts of justice, such as that required, any great knowledge of law, or of the technicalities of legal practice. Candidates will, therefore, do well to avoid, rather than to select, cases which involve abstruse legal questions, difficulties on the construction of statutes, &c. ; cases of assault, debt, theft, &c. are most likely (at least until some familiarity with legal proceedings has been acquired) to give clear ideas as to the way in which a trial is conducted; and this, it should be understood, is the real object in view. The Commissioners will, if applied to, endeavour to facilitate the admission of candidates to those courts of justice in which any special arrangement for their accommodation can be made. The difficulty of selecting the proper works for assisting the selected candidate in his legal studies will be, to a great extent, removed by the publication of the Criminal Code and the Code of Criminal Procedure, which it is expected will soon form part of the law of India. We propose that at future examinations the selected candidates shall be examined in these Codes. As regards the former, substantially the work of the late Lord Macaulay, it is certain that it will furnish the student with sound principles of criminal jurisprudence; and as respects both, that the thorough acquaintance with them which results from careful study, tested by examination, will be found of the greatest practical value in enabling the selected candidates to learn and to perform the duties of magistrates at an early period after the commencement of their service. In concluding our remarks on the portion of our proceedings |