Slow proportionate acceleration continued, but more than 2.5 million black pupils attended all-black schools in the South in 1966, a greater actual number than in 1954. 116 Moreover, the figures do not reflect the number of truly desegregated schools, since only one black pupil in a formerly all-white school caused the school to be considered desegregated. National data compiled between 1968 and 1972 reflect significant 117 changes in the South. In 1968, 68 percent of black pupils attended all-minority schools in the 11 States of the South; but by 1970 this figure had been reduced to 14.4 percent, and by 1972, 8.7 percent. On the other hand, only 18.4 percent of black pupils in the South were in schools with less than 50 percent minority enrollment in 1968, but by 1970 this figure had increased to 40.3 percent and in 1972 stood at 46.3 percent. There had been more progress here than in the Border States, the North, or the West, and almost half of all black pupils in the South, 18 years after Brown, attended schools that were predominantly white. In 1972 the percentage of black pupils in all-minority schools was 8.7 percent in the South, but 10.9 percent in the North and West, and 23.6 percent in the Border States. The proportion of black pupils in predominantly minority schools was 53.7 percent in the South, 68.2 percent in the Border States, but 71.7 percent in the North and West. In 1972, more than 3 million black pupils attended schools with more than 80 percent minority enrollment, but only some 865,000 of these pupils were in the South. On the other hand, 46.3 percent of black pupils in the South were in schools with less than 50 percent minority enrollment, compared to 31.8 percent in the Border States and only 28.3 percent in the North and West. Between 1968 and 1972, the number of black pupils in schools with more than 50 percent white enrollment increased by almost 1 million. 116. Ibid., p. 8. 117. See table 1 and charts 1 and 2. Unless otherwise indicated, the Office for Civil Rights, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, is the primary source for the data summarized here. (1) Alas., Ariz., Cal., Col., Conn., Ida., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kan., Maine, Mass., Mich., Minn., Mont., Neb., Nev., N.H., N.J., N.M., N.Y., N.D. Ohio, Ore., Pa., R.I., S.D., Utah, Vt., Wash., Wis., Wy. (2) Ala., Ark., Fla., Ga., La., Miss., N.C., S.C., Tenn., Texas, Va. (3) Del., D.C., Ky., Md., Mo., Okla., W.Va. Office for Civil Rights, Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. REGIONAL DESEGREGATION, 1954-1972 Blacks attending schools with whites* 50 32.0 *May include schools with only one black or one white pupil; excludes only all-white and all-minority schools NA Not available. Southern Education Reporting Service and Office for Civil Rights, Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. |