mated at 2001.-Talliferus de Tyke, and John de Rolleston-Giles de Bello Campo (or Beauchamp)-Henry de Percy and Eleanor, his mother-Robert de Sapy-William Ward, and Robert Wawayne-Robert Wawayne, and Alex. de Bergh-Roger de Sommervill.

In the 16th of Edward III., Henry de Percy was governor, at a salary of 40 marks per annum.-The whole expense of putting the Castle into repair was then estimated at 20001.; the principal dilapidations were in the Barbican and the walls.

A. D. 1377, 1st of Richard II.—A daring Scottish freebooter of the name of Mercer, having been taken by some northern ships, was committed prisoner, by the Earl of Northumberland, to Scarborough-Castle. His son, in revenge for his father's imprisonment, formed a desperate enterprise, and entering the harbour of Scarborough with some Scottish, French, and Spanish ships, carried away several merchant-vessels which were lying in that port. Encouraged by this success, he for a long time cruised in those seas, and took considerable prizes. The damage which the merchants sustained by Mercer's depredations, occasioned great complaints against the government. ALDERMAN PHILPOT, an opulent Citizen of London, of a noble and patriotic spirit, resenting so great a national indignity, equipped a fleet of armed ships at his own expense, on board of which he embarked one thousand men, and sailed in pursuit of the Scottish pirate. He had the good fortune to encounter Mercer's fleet, and obtained a glorious victory. All the vessels taken from Scarborough were recovered, and fifteen Spanish ships laden with rich merchandise were captured, together with Mercer and the whole of his navy. The gallant Alderman returned with his prizes in triumph to London. This action, which gained him the general applause of the people, displeased the government, who looked upon it of dangerous consequence to

suffer a private man engaging in such an important affair, without their permission; but he gave such good reasons, and in so modest a manner, in justification of his enterprise, that he was honourably acquitted, and ever after lived in great esteem and reputation. Previously to this affair, during the King's minority, the Parliament having granted a subsidy for maintaining the war, this clause was added “That the money should be deposited in the hands of Philpot and Walworth, two noted aldermen of London, who were enjoined to see that this was no otherwise employed than in repelling the French, and Castilians, in league against England."-Alderman Philpot was elected Mayor of London, in the second year of the reign of Richard II., and was knighted in the field by the King, in 1382, together with Sir William Walworth, then Mayor, and four aldermen, his brethren, for the good service which they performed against Wat Tyler and his accomplices, rebels of Kent; and to do the City itself honour, the King granted that there should be a dagger added to the arms of the city, as, until this time, it bore only the cross without the dagger. SIR JOHN PHILPOT also maintained a thousand soldiers at his own charge, for the defence of the kingdom against the French, who sorely infested the southern coasts. "In the church of Sibbertswood, in the diocese of Canterbury, are several ancient monuments, but now without inscriptions, erected to the memory of the PHilpots, the family having resided a long time at Upton-Court, within this parish; of which name and family was that renowned Lord Mayor of London, Sir John Philpot."

Weever's Monuments. John de St. Quintin was made governor of the Castle, for life, in the 6th of Richard II. with the annual salary of 40 marks.

It appears by a record in the British Museum, that the Castle and Town of Scarborough, with the port and haven,

and the manor of Walsgrave, were granted to Richard, Duke of Gloucester, and Anne his wife, and her heirs, in exchange for the manor of Bushey; and that in 1473 (12 Edward IV.) an act of Parliament passed, by which it was provided, that if the said grant were ever annulled, they should have possession again of the said manor of Bushey*

The Duke of Gloucester (afterward Richard III.) obtained the regal dignity by treachery, and established it in blood. After his coronation in London, June, 1483, he proceeded to York for the purpose of a second inauguration, and of ingratiating himself with his subjects in the North. He also visited Scarborough, with Anne his Queen, and resided some time in the Castle. The Queen's apartments were in the tower, called by Leland, the Queen's Toure or Lodgings. Richard was very liberal to Scarborough, not only adding to the security of the town, by a wall and bulwark, but also granting a Charter with more extensive privileges than those of his predecessors.

Sir Thomas Lumley, Knight, was appointed to the office of Governor of Scarborough-Castle, 23d of Henry VI. He married a natural daughter of Edward IV., and was summoned to Parliament from the tenth of this King's reign to the tenth of Henry VII.

In the year 1536, 27th of Henry VIII., the internal peace of the nation was disturbed by various insurrections, on account of the suppression of religious houses. Forty thousand men, assembled in Yorkshire, were furnished with armour, artillery, and all the implements of war. Priests, in sacerdotal vestments, bearing crucifixes, preceded this tumultuary army, and they stiled their insurrection the Holy and Blessed Pilgrimage. Their banners were painted

* Cotton MSS. Julius B. xii. fol. 212.

E

with devices representing Christ hanging on the Cross on one side, and on the other a chalice containing a painted cake. The soldiers had crucifixes in their hats, and the sleeves of their coats were embroidered with the similitude of the five wounds of our Saviour, and in the midst thereof was inscribed the name of Jesus. Animated with all the enthusiasm of religious zeal, and inspired with confidence by the increase of numbers, they persecuted the lords and gentlemen, not suffering them to remain neutral; but forced them either to abandon their homes, or to join their army, and also to swear that they would be true to the cause of the Pilgrimage of Grace. Sir Robert Aske* of Aughton, a man of abilities and an enterprising spirit, and an avowed enemy to the reformation, was their chief commander, with one Rudstone, his associate in the field. James Diamond was general of the foot, with his colleague, a poor fisherman, who called himself the Earl of Poverty. They all took an oath† that they had engaged in the Holy Pilgrim

* "The family of the Askes continued in this county till the time of Charles I. The seat of the family was at Aske, in the parish of Easby, in Richmondshire. One Wyhomere, bearing the arms of Aske, was a kinsman to Allen, first Earl of Britain, in the reign of the Conqueror, which Allen had the earldom of Richmond given him by the said William the Conqueror, and gave to this Wyhomere the manor of Aske. He married Annabell, daughter of Sir John Neville of Hornby and Hooton, Knight; had issue, Conan, Werner, Warine, Roger, Hugh. The manor of Aske continued in this family, and a branch of it married the daughter and heiress of de la Kaye of Aughton, on the Derwent; by which marriage, they became Lords of Ellerton and Aughton, and patrons of Ellerton-Abbey, near Howden."

Boothroyd's Hist. Pontefract.

"Ye shall not enter into this our Holy Pilgrimage of Grace for commynselth, but only for the love you doe bere Almyghte Godde his faith, and to Holy Church militant, the maintenance thereof to the

preservation

age, from no other motive than love to Almighty God and the Church, the preservation of the King's person and issue, the purifying of the nobility, and the expulsion of all base-born persons and evil counsellors from the presence of the King.

A detachment of this fanatical army, under the command of Sir Robert Aske, besieged Scarborough-Castle, and expected instantly to have reduced it.-Sir Ralph Evers or Eure, descended from a family distinguished for military honour, was then governor. The garrison was inconsiderable, consisting principally of the tenants and servants of the governor, and a few volunteers who were attached to him from motives of personal esteem. They were destitute of military stores, and in such want of provisions, that they were under the necessity of sustaining themselves twenty days with bread and water; yet from the great natural strength of the Castle, and the skill and intrepidity of the gallant Ralph Evers*, the furious assailants were obliged to abandon the enterprise with confusion and disgrace.

preservation of the King's person, his issue, the puryfying Nobilitie and to expulse all villayne blode, and evil councellors agaynst the Commynwelthe, from his Grace, and the Privie Counsel same, and that ye shall not enter into ouer said Pilgramege, for no particuler proffite to youre selfe, nor to doe no displeasure to no privey person, but by counsel of the Commynweithe, nor slee, nor murder, for no envye, but in your herts put away all feare and dreade, and take afore you the Crosse of Christe, and in your herts his faithe, the restitution of the Churche, the suppression of the Herytyks and their opynions, by all the holle contents of thys booke."

* At the battle of Ancram-Moor or Peniel-heuch, A. D. 1545, the brave Sir Ralph Evers was slain. The English army, under the command of Sir Ralph and Sir Brian Latoune was defeated. The Scottish army was commanded by Archibald Douglas, Earl of Angus, assisted by the Laird of Buccleugh and Norman Leslie.