time I will consecrate some favorite spot of my evergreens to the Portugal laurel, where I warmly

mand of brigadier-general Burgoyne, were embarked for Portugal; the command of the native forces being entrusted to Count la Lippe, master-general of the artillery under Prince Ferdinand of Brunswick. Upon which, Lord Tyrawly returned, it is supposed in disgust, to England. The Chancellor of the Exchequer having, on the 13th of May, moved, that the sum of one million should be granted in aid of the extraordinary expenses of the war, Mr. Pitt, in supporting the motion, took occasion to enter into his own justification. He began by pointing out the necessity of continuing the war in Germany, and of supporting the King of Portugal. He observed, that in times of war connections with the continent had always been found political, except in the four unhappy reigns of the Stuarts: then, turning about to several gentlemen, he jocularly said, "You who are for continental measures, I am with you; and you who are for the King of Portugal, I am with you; and you who are for putting an end to the war, I am with you also; in short, I am the only man to be found who is with you all." He next enumerated the successes which had attended the British arms in all parts of the world, and the immense advantages gained in our trade, which would more than compensate the great expense we had been at; and, in regard to contracting that expense, he entirely agreed with those who were for it, and urged that whoever would effect this salutary work would deserve the highest encomiums. He further remarked, that he did not find any less expense attended the nation now, than when he unworthily held the seals, or that more was done. As to what a noble lord (George Sackville) had said about continental expenses, he did not exactly know what to make of it. If the noble lord meant that there had not been fair play with the money, he knew nothing of it; then, stretching out his hands and moving his fingers, he said, "they are clean, there is none of it sticks to them," and that he would second any person who should move for an inquiry into all the money matters; he was anxious to know how it was appropriated, that the whole truth might come out. He then represented, that in consequence of our withdrawing our troops from Germany, Portugal

hope, and that at no distant time, to have the honour to welcome the deliverer of Lisbon, and to offer in person the sincerest assurance of the respectful esteem, and affectionate attachment, with which I have the honour to subscribe myself, &c. W. PITT.(1)

and the Low Countries would become a prey to the French and Spaniards; that, in point of policy, we ought not to suffer it, but that he did not mean to bear the King of Portugal on our shoulders, but only to set him on his legs, and put a sword in his hand. He recommended union and harmony to the ministry; declared against altercation, which he said was no way to carry on the public business; and urged the necessity of prosecuting the war with vigour, as the only way to obtain an honourable, solid, and lasting peace.-See Parl. Hist. vol. xv. p. 1222. On the following day, Mr. Symmers, in a letter to Mr. Mitchell, says: "Mr. Pitt never spoke with more temper, nor better than he did yesterday. The whole house paid him great attention. Mr. Glover opposed Mr. Pitt; but he laid himself very open, and was trod into the dust by his antagonist. Colonel Barré set out in a flaming, scurrilous speech, as usual; but was discountenanced by the house. Many gentlemen, as soon as he rose, went out; many of those who staid, shuffled about from their places, talked with one another, coughed, and would not hear him."

(1) The means of prosecuting the war formed, at this time, a principal ground of difference between Lord Bute and the Duke of Newcastle; the former determining to withdraw all pecuniary aid from the King of Prussia, and to relax the efforts which this country was making on the Continent; the latter, resolving on an opposite mode of conduct: but, finding himself only supported in the council by the Duke of Devonshire and Lord Hardwicke, he, on the 26th of May, resigned his high situation. Lord Bute became prime minister, Mr. George Grenville was advanced to the secretaryship, Sir Francis Dashwood appointed chancellor of the exchequer, and Lord Barrington removed to the treasurership of the navy. "I need not tell you," writes his lordship to Mr. Mitchell, on the 1st of

PRINCE FERDINAND OF BRUNSWICK TO MR. PITT.

MONSIEUR,

A' Hoff, ce 20e Juillet, 1762.

Ce fut hier que je reçus, des mains de Mylord Granbi, la lettre polie et affectueuse de votre Ex

June, "who compose the new treasury under Lord Bute, or that my friend, Sir Francis Dashwood, is my successor. You were immediately apprised, that Mr. Grenville is secretary of state for the northern department; but perhaps you have not been told what passed at the audience the Duke of Newcastle had with the King, when he resigned last Wednesday. His Majesty said he was sorry to lose him, and should always remember his services; that he feared the duke's private fortune had suffered by his zeal for the House of Hanover; that his Majesty was desirous to make any amends in his power, in any way that should be most agreeable; and added, that it was a debt due to his grace. The duke answered, that in office he had never considered the profit of employment; that out of office he could not bear the thought of being a burthen to the Crown; that if his private fortune had suffered by his loyalty, it was his pleasure, his glory, and his pride; and that he desired no reward but his Majesty's approbation. When I carried the exchequer seal to the King, he was pleased to say, he should be sorry to take it out of my hands, if he had not something immediately to offer, which he hoped would be agreeable to me, and which he gave as a mark of his approbation. I kissed hands that day as treasurer of the navy. You will most undoubtedly lament with me, that the Duke of Newcastle should retire from business at such a juncture; but, if you knew the whole, you would not condemn the step he has taken-and taken with moderation, temper, and dignity.". Mitchell MSS.

In a letter to Mr. Montagu, of the 8th of June, Horace Walpole, in allusion to the new administration, says:— "Popularity does not make great promises to it; for it lets Lord Bute be abused every day, though he has not had time to do the least wrong thing. His levee was crowded. Bothmar, the Danish

Mr. Pitt's friends declare, this is the last act of his administration that he is to derive any honour from. I should think this the language of his enemies at home, for abroad all mankind will give him credit for the consequences of this great event; and great is the universal expectation of what must follow from the further operations of a force from so many causes irresistible, and so happily collected at this season. (')

But, Sir, if this be the end of your administration, I shall only say, finis coronat opus. I am ever, dear Sir,

most entirely and faithfully yours, RICHARD LYTTELTON.

THE EARL OF TYRAWLY (2) TO MR. PITT.

SIR,

Lisbon, April 15, 1762.

It is impossible for me to forget any thing that can give you ease or pleasure, and consequently I remember we had some time ago a dissertation upon the use and benefit of Portuguese wooden stirrups. I beg now to illustrate by example the comfort of

(1) The surrender of Martinico naturally drew on the surrender of all the dependent islands. Granada, St. Lucia, and St. Vincent shortly after followed its example.

(2) The earl, who had formerly resided with high reputation as ambassador at the court of Lisbon, now united the different characters of plenipotentiary and general.

of that accoutrement. I have taken the liberty of sending you a pair of them, which will be lett at Hayes. If you usually chevauchez long, you should chevaucher plus court, and set your foot flat upon them as upon the ground, and will you find, by the play of the stirrup-leather, that your heel will drop lower than the toe into an easier posture.

The Spaniards threaten us hard in the memorials they give to this court: we, on our parts, do not bate them an ace. In the mean time, they draw very slowly towards the frontiers, and we are assembling troops to oppose them. (') I believe that ten thousand well disciplined troops upon the frontiers of either might take their choice whether they would come to Lisbon or march to Madrid; but I am also of opinion, that neither army will give themselves the trouble of so long a march, for I am much mistaken if all this does not end in a cup of mild beer. (2) I am, Sir, with great truth and regard,

Your, &c.,

TYRAWLY.

(1) In the preceding month. the Spanish army had advanced towards the frontiere of Portugal, the commerce of corn between the two kingdoms had been prohibited and every thing threatened a sudden izvajon In the midst of these hortie preparations, the French and Space 'Llatere presented a joint memorial to the court of LegoL wit was folowed by severa others. The purport of these memonale was to permage the King of Portugal to enter into the aur again Ligand

(2) The dispute between the two go as a very th result. In a week from the date of tut pro the £1