CHAPTER LX

Schism of the Greeks and Latins-State of Constantinople-Revolt of the

Bulgarians-Isaac Angelus dethroned by his Brother Alexius-Origin of the

Fourth Crusade-Alliance of the French and Venetians with the Son of Isaac

-Their Naval Expedition to Constantinople-The Two Sieges and final

Conquest of the City by the Latins

Variety of Ecclesiastical Discipline

383

857-886 Ambitious Quarrels of Photius, Patriarch of Constantinople, with

the Popes

384

...

1054 The Popes excommunicate the Patriarch of Constantinople and the

Greeks

385

1185-1195 Reign and Character of Isaac Angelus

1186 Revolt of the Bulgarians [Second (sometimes called Third) Bulgarian

386

387

388

389

Kingdom]

390

392

393

Alliance of the Crusaders with the Greek Prince, the young Alexius ...

Restoration of the Emperor Isaac Angelus, and his Son Alexius

Quarrels of the Greeks and Latins

Partition of the Empire by the French and Venetians-Five Latin Emperors of

the Houses of Flanders and Courtenay-Their Wars against the Bulgarians

and Greeks-Weakness and Poverty of the Latin Empire-Recovery of

Constantinople by the Greeks-General Consequences of the Crusades

1204 Election of the Emperor Baldwin I.

Division of the Greek Empire

1204 Revolt of the Greeks...

431

434

437

1228-1237 Baldwin II. and John of Brienne, Emperors of Constantinople

1237-1261 Baldwin II.

...

The Holy Crown of Thorns

...

...

1237-1261 Progress of the Greeks

1259 Michael Palæologus, the Greek Emperor

1261 Constantinople recovered by the Greeks

General Consequences of the Crusades

...

Digression on the Family of Courtenay

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451

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457

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459

462

The Greek Emperors of Nice and Constantinople-Elevation and Reign of Michael

Paleologus-His false Union with the Pope and the Latin Church-Hostile

Designs of Charles of Anjou-Revolt of Sicily-War of the Catalans in Asia

and Greece-Revolutions and Present State of Athens

Restoration of the Greek Empire

1204-1222 Theodore Lascaris

1222-1255 John Ducas Vataces

1255-1259 Theodore Lascaris II.

Family and Character of Michael Palæologus

His Elevation to the Throne

475

475

476

478

479

480

482

A.D.

1280 Palæologus instigates the Revolt of Sicily

1282 The Sicilian Vespers...

Defeat of Charles

1303-1307 The Service and War of the Catalans in the Greek Empire

1204-1456 Revolutions of Athens...

Present State of Athens

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500

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504

506

CHAPTER LXIII

Civil Wars, and Ruin of the Greek Empire-Reigns of Andronicus, the Elder and

Younger, and John Palæologus-Regency, Revolt, Reign, and Abdication of

John Cantacuzene-Establishment of a Genoese Colony at Pera or Galata-

Their Wars with the Empire and City of Constantinople

1282-1320 Superstition of Andronicus and the Times

1320 First Disputes between the Elder and Younger Andronicus

1321-1328 Three Civil Wars between the two Emperors

1325 Coronation of the Younger Andronicus

1328 The Elder Andronicus abdicates the Government

1332 His Death

1328-1341 Reign of Andronicus the Younger

His two wives

1341-1391 Reign of John Palæologus

Fortune of John Cantacuzene

He is left Regent of the Empire

1341 His Regency is attacked

By Apocaucus, the Empress Anne of Savoy, and the Patriarch

1352 Victory of the Genoese over the Venetians and Greeks ...

Their Treaty with the Empire

:

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511

513

514

515

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519

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519

521

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531

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537

Map of Southern Italy and Sicily in the Ninth, Tenth and Eleventh

Centuries

Map Illustrating the Crusades

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To face page

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