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972 Otho of Germany
988 (989) Wolodomir of Russia (Kiev] .
Despotic Power
Coronation Oath
Military Force of the Greeks, the Saracens, and the Franks
Navy of the Greeks
[902 Expedition against Crete
Tactics and Character of the Greeks
Character and Tactics of the Saracens
The Franks or Latins
Their Character and Tactics
Oblivion of the Latin Language
The Greek Emperors and their Subjects retain and assert the Name of
Romans ...
Period of Ignorance
Revival of Greek Learning ...
Decay of Taste and Genius .
Want of National Emulation
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CHAPTER LIV
Origin and Doctrine of the Paulicians-Their Persecution by the Greek Emperors
- Revolt in Armenia, &c.—Transplantation into Thrace-Propagation in the
West, The Seeds, Character, and Consequences of the Reformation
ស
Supine Superstition of the Greek Church ...
660 Origin of the Paulicians, or Disciples of St. Paul
Their Bible ...
The Simplicity of their Belief and Worship
They hold the two Principles of the Magians and Manichæans
The Establishinent of the Paulicians in Armenia, Pontus, &c.
Persecution of the Greek Emperors
845-880 Revolt of the Paulicians
They fortify Tephrice
And pillage Asia Minor
Their Deoline...
Their Transplantation from Armenia to Thrace ...
Their Introduction into Italy and France
1200 Persecution of the Albigeois
Character and Consequences of the Reformation
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The Bulgarians--Origin, Migrations and Settlement of the Hungarians—Their
Inroads in the East and West—The Monarchy of Russia-Geography and
Trade-Wars of the Russians against the Greek Empire“Conversion of the
Barbarians
680 Emigration of the Bulgarians
900 Croats or Sclavonians of Dalmatia
640-1017 First Kingdom of the Bulgarians
[811 Bulgarian expedition of Nicephorus I.
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A.D.
[888-927 Reign of the Tsar Simeon
884 Emigration of the Turks or Hungarians
Their Fennic Origin...
900 Tactics and Manners of the Hungarians and Bulgarians
889 Establishment and Inroads of the Hungarians
934 [933] Victory of Henry the Fowler
955
of Otho the Great
839 Origin of the Russian Monarchy
The Varangians of Constantinople
950 Geography and Trade of Russia
Naval Expeditions of the Russians against Constantinople
865 [860] The first
904 [907] The second
941 The third
1043 The fourth
Negotiations and Prophecy
955-973 (945-972] Reign of Swatoslaus
970-973 His Defeat by John Zimisces
864 Conversion of Russia
955 (957] Baptism of Olga
988 (989)
of Wolodomir
800-1100 Christianity of the North
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CHAPTER LVI
The Saracens, Franks, and Greeks, in Italy-First Adventures and Settlement of
the Normans-Character and Conquest of Robert Guiscard, Duke of Apulia-
Deliverance of Sicily by his Brother Roger— Victories of Robert over the
Emperors of the East and West-Roger, King of Sicily, Invades Africa and
Greece--The Emperor Manuel Comnenus—Wars of the Greeks and Normans
Extinction of the Normans
840-1017 Conflict of the Saracens, Latins, and Greeks, in Italy
871 Conquest of Bari
890 New Province of the Greeks in Italy
983 (982) Defeat of Otho III. (II.]
Anecdotes
1016 Origin of the Normans in Italy
1029 [1030] Foundation of Aversa
1038 The Normans serve in Sicily
1040-1043 Their Conquest of Apulia
Character of the Normans
1046 Oppression of Apulia
1049-1054 League of the Pope and the two Empires 1053 Expedition of Pope Leo IX. against the Normans
His Defeat and Captivity
Origin of the Papal Investitures to the Normans...
1020-1085 Birth and Character of Robert Guiscard
1054-1080 His Ambition and Success
1060 Duke of Apulia
His Italian Conquest
School of Salerno
Trade of Amalphi
1060-1090 Conquest of Sicily by Count Roger
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D.
1081 Robert invades the Eastern Empire
Siege of Durazzo The Army and March of the Emperor Alexius
Battle of Durazzo 1082 Durazzo taken
Return of Robert, and Actions of Bohemond 1081 The Emperor Henry III. (IV.) invited by the Greeks 1081-1084 Besieges Rome
Flies before Robert
1084 Second Expedition of Robert into Greece
1085 His Death
1101-1154 Reign and Ambition of Roger, great Count of Sicily
1127 Duke of Apulia
1130-1139 First King of Sicily
1122-1152 His Conquest in Africa
1146 His Invasion of Greece
His Admiral delivers Louis VII. of France
Insults Constantinople
1148, 1149 The Emperor Manuel repulses the Normans
1155 He reduces Apulia and Calabria
1155-1174 His Desire of acquiring Italy and the Western Empire
Failure of his Designs
1156 Peace with the Normans
1185 Last War of the Greeks and Normans
1154-1166 William I. the Bad, King of Sicily
1166-1189 William II. the Good
Lamentation of the Historian Falcandus ...
1194 Conquest of the Kingdom of Sicily by the Emperor Henry v...
1204 Final Extinction of the Normans
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CHAPTER LVII
The Turks of the House of Seljuk-Their Revolt against Mahmud, Conqueror of
Hindostan—Togrul subdues Persia, and protects the Caliphs-Defeat and
Captivity of the Emperor Romanus Diogenes by Alp Arslan-Power and
Magnificence of Malek Shah-Conquest of Asia Minor and Syria-State and
Oppression of Jerusalem Pilgrimages to the Holy Sepulchre
THE TURKS
997-1028 Mahmud, the Gaznevide
His twelve Expeditions into Hindostan
His Character
980-1028 Manners and Emigration of the Turks, or Turkmans
1038 They defeat the Gaznevides, and subdue Persia ...
1038-1152 Dynasty of the Seljukians
1038-1063 Reign and Character of Togrul Beg
1055 He delivers the Caliph of Bagdad ...
His Investiture
1063 And Death
1050 The Turks invade the Roman Empire
1063-1072 Reign of Alp Arslan
1065-1068 Conquest of Armenia and Georgia
1068-1071 The Emperor Romanus Diogenes
1071 Defeat of the Romans [Battle of Manzikert)
Captivity and Deliverance of the Emperor
Origin and Numbers of the First Crusade-Characters of the Latin Princes
Their March to Constantinople— Policy of the Greek Emperor Alexius-
Conquest of Nice, Antioch, and Jerusalem, by the Franks-Deliverance of the
Holy Sepulchre-Godfrey of Bouillon, first King of Jerusalem-Institutions of
the French or Latin Kingdom
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281
283
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288
1095-1099 The first Crusade
Peter the Hermit
1095 Urban II. in the Council of Placentia
Council of Clermont
Justice of the Crusaders
Spiritual Motives and Indulgences...
Temporal and Carnal Motives
Influence of Example
1096 Departure of the first Crusaders
Their Destruction in Hungary and Asia
The Chiefs of the first Crusade
I. Godfrey of Bouillon
II. Hugh of Vermandois, Robert of Normandy, Robert of Flanders,
Stephen of Chartres, &c.
III. Raymond of Toulouse
IV. Bobemond and Tancred
Chivalry
1096, 1097 March of the Princes to Constantinople
Policy of the Emperor Alexius Comnenus He obtains the homage of the Crusaders
Insolence of the Franks
1097 Their Review and Numbers...
Siege of Nice ...
Battle of Dorylæum
1097 March through the Lesser Asia
1097-1151 Baldwin founds the Principality of Edessa
1097, 1098 Siege of Antioch
1098 Victory of the Crusaders
Their Famine and Distress at Antioch Legend of the Holy Lance Celestial Warriors
The State of the Turks and Caliphs of Egypt
1098, 1099 Delay of the Franks ...
1099 Their March to Jerusalem
Siege and Conquest of Jerusalem
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321
Preservation of the Greek Empire-Numbers, Passage, and Event, of the Second
and Third Crusades-St. Bernard-Reign of Saladin in Egypt and Syriam
His Conquest of Jerusalem-Naval Crusades—Richard the First of England
-Pope Innocent the Third ; and Fourth and Fifth Crusades—The Emperor
Frederic the Second-Louis the Ninth of France; and the two last Crusades
-Espulsion of the Latins or Franks by the Mamalukes
1097-1118 Success of Alexius
Expeditions by Land 1101 The first Crusade 1147 The second, of Conrad III. and Louis VII. 1189 The third, of Frederic I.
Their numbers Passage through the Greek Empire Turkish Wartare
Obstinacy of the Enthusiasm of the Crusades
1091-1153 Character and Mission of St. Bernard
Progress of the Mahometans
The Atabeks of Syria
1137.1145 Zenghi ...
1145-1174 Noureddin
1163-1169 Conquest of Egypt by the Turks
1171 End of the Fatimite Caliphs
1171-1193 Reign and Character of Saladin
1187 His Conquest of the Kingdom
And City of Jerusalem
1188 The third Crusade, by Sea
1189-1191 Siege of Acre
1191, 1192 Richard of England, in Palestine
1192 His Treaty and Departure
1193 Death of Saladin
1198-1216 Innocent III.
1203 The fourth Crusade ...
1218 The fifth
1228 The Emperor Frederic II. in Palestine
1243 Invasion of the Carizmians
1248-1254 St. Louis, and the sixth Crusade
1249 He takes Damietta ...
1250 His Captivity in Egypt
1270 His Death before Tunis, in the seventh Crusade...
1250-1517 The Mamalukes of Egypt
1268 Loss of Antioch
1291 The Lobs of Acre and the Holy Land
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