Johnson's list of meanings, with a few superadded illustrations. Away; noting privation. Jubal first made the wilder notes agree, And Jubal tuned Musick's Jubilee; He called the echoes from their sullen cell, And built the organ's city where they dwell. Marvell. Musick's Empire. Your slighting Zulema, this very hour Will take ten thousand subjects from your power. Dryden. In fetters one the barking porter ty'd, And took him trembling from his sovereign's side. Id. Clarissa drew, with tempting grace, A two-edged weapon from the shining case. Pope. But ne'er from strife-captivity-remorseFrom all his feelings in their inmost forceSo thrilled-so shuddered every creeping vein As now they froze before that purple stain. Byron. Corsair. This is evident from that high and refined morality, which shined forth in some of the ancient heathens. South. They who believe that the praises which arise from valour are superior to those which proceed from any other virtues, have not considered. Dryden. What entertainment can be raised from so pitiful a machine? We see the success of the battle from the very beginning. Id. 'Tis true from force the strongest title springs, I therefore hold from that which first made kings. Id. Not near to; noting distance. His regiment lies half a mile at least Noting separation or recession. To die by thee, were but to die in jest; From thee to die, were torture more than death. Shakspeare. Hast thou beheld, when from the goal they start, The youthful charioteers with heaving heart, Rush to the race, and panting, scarcely bear, The' extremes of feverish hope and chilling fear. Id. Virgil. Noting exemption or deliverance. And whos child that it was he hade hire hide From every wight, for aught that may betide.' Chaucer. The Clerkes Tale. From Jealousy's tormenting strife, For ever be thy bosom freed. Noting absence. Prior. Our father he hath writ, so hath our sister, Of differences, which I best thought it fit, To answer from our home. Noting derivation. Shakspeare. King Lear. Since. Noting distance from the past. The flood was not the cause of mountains, but there Raleigh. were mountains from the creation. I had from my childhood a wart upon one of my Bacon. fingers, . The other had been trained up from his youth in Noting the place or person from whom a mes- the war of Flanders. Clarendon. sage is brought. Were there, from all eternity, no memorable acTillotson. The king is coming, and I must speak with him tions done 'till about that time? from the bridge. The milk of tigers was his infant food, Taught from his tender years the taste of blood. Dryden. -How now, Fluellan, cam'st thou from the bridge? Shakspeare. Henry V. From out. And join thy voice unto the angel-quire, From out his secret altar touched with hallowed fire. Milton. The king with angry threatnings from out a window, where he was not ashamed the world should behold him a beholder, commanded his guard and the rest of his soldiers to hasten their death. Sidney. Now shake, from out thy fruitful breast, the seeds Of envy, discord, and of cruel deeds. Dryden's Æneid. Strong god of arms, whose iron sceptre sways The freezing North and hyperborean seas, Terror is thine, and wild amazement, flung From out thy chariot, withers even the strong. From out of. Dryden. Whatsoever such principle there is, it was at the first found out by discourse, and drawn from out of the very bowels of heaven and earth. From under. He, though blind of sight, Hooker. Despised, and thought extinguished quite, With inward eyes illuminated, His fiery virtue roused From under ashes into sudden flame. From within. From within Milton's Agonistes. bay of the English Channel, called Poolhaven, near Wareham. FROME, OF FROME-SELWOOD, a town of Somersetshire, and one of the most considerable of this part of the country, which was anciently one great forest, called Selwoodshire. Here is a large handsome church, 150 feet long, and fiftyfour broad, comprising a nave, chancel, north and south aisles, four chapels, and a vestry-room, with a square embattled tower and an octagonal spire, 120 feet high. There are likewise several meeting-houses in the town, belonging to different denominations of dissenters, two of which are large handsome edifices. Near the bridge stands a free-school for twenty boys, and an alms-house for widows; the latter is a handsome building, and was erected, by subscription, in 1720. Here is also an hospital for old men, a charity-school for boys, and an asylum for girls, together with various Sunday-schools, which afford instruction to 2000 children. The chief manufacture is broad and narrow cloth. Formerly more wire cards, for carding wool for the spinners, were made at this place than in all the rest of England, and there were no fewer than twenty master card-makers, one of whom employed 400 men, women, and children, in that manufactory at once. This town has been long noted for its fine ale, which is kept to a great age. It is thirteen miles south of Bath, and 105 west by south of London. FRO'MWARD, prep. Sax. Fþam and beard. Away from; the contrary to the word towards. Not now in use. As cheerfully going towards as Pyrocles went froward fromward his death. Sidney. The horizontal needle is continually varying to wards East and West; and so the dipping or inclining needle is varying up and down, towards or fromwards Cheyne. the zenith. FRONDESCENTIÆ TEMPUS, in botany, the precise time of the year and month, in which each species of plants unfolds its first leaves. All plants produce new leaves every year; but all do not renew them at the same time. Among woody plants, the elder, and most of the honeysuckles; among the perennial herbs, the crocus and tulip are the first that push or expand their leaves. The time of sowing the seeds decides with respect to annuals. The oak and ash are constantly the latest in pushing their leaves; the greatest number unfold them in spring; the mosses and firs in winter. These striking differences seem to indicate that each species of plants has a temperature proper or peculiar to itself, and requires a certain degree of heat to extricate the leaves from the buds. This temperature, however, is not so fixed or constant as it may at first view appear. Among plants of the same species, there are some more early than others; whether that circumstance depends, as it most commonly does, on the nature of the plants, or is owing to differences in heat, exposure, and soil. In general, it may be affirmed that small and young trees are always earlier than larger or old ones. The pushing of the leaves is likewise accelerated or retarded, according to the temperature of the season; that is, according as the sun is sooner or later in dispensing the degree of heat suitable to each species. Fr. front; Lat. frons. Face and Sfront both signify the human countenance, and figuratively designate the particular parts of bodies, which bear some sort of resemblance to it, or to the forehead. Crabb thus distinguishes their peculiar application: Face is applied to that part of bodies which serves as an index or rule, and contains certain marks to direct the observer; front is employed for that part which is most prominent or foremost: hence we speak of the face of a wheel or clock, the face of a painting, or the face of nature; but the front of a house or building, and the front of a stage: hence likewise the propriety of the expressions, to put a good face on a thing; to show a bold front.' The verb signifies to oppose directly, or face to face, in the sense of confront; to stand opposed or over against any place or thing; to stand foremost. Frontless is used in the sense of barefaced unblushing impudence. I front but in that file, Shakspeare. Henry VIII. You four shall front them in the narrow lane; we will walk lower: if they 'scape from your encounter, then they light on us. Shakspeare. Can you, when you have pushed out of your gates the very defender of them, think to front his revenges with easy groans? Id. Some are either to be won to the state in a fast and true manner, or fronted with some other of the same party that may oppose them; and so divide the reputation. Bacon's Essays. Both these sides are not only returns, but parts of the front; and uniform without, though severally portioned within, and are on both sides of a great and stately tower, in the midst of the front. Bacon. The access of the town was only by a neck of land: our men had shot, that thundered upon them from the rampier in front, and from the gallies that lay at sea in flank. Id. Upon the sharpest fronts of the most fierce. Daniel. His forward hand, inured to wounds, makes way They stand not front to front, but each doth view The other's tail, pursued as they pursue. Creech. The high moon sails upon her beauteous way, Byron. The Doge of Venice. They erred, as aged men will do; but by Who live by lies, yet dare not boldly lie. Byron. They reached the hotel: forth streamed from the front door A tide of well clad waiters; and around The mob stood, and as usual several score Of those pedestrian Paphians, who abound In decent London, when the day light's o'er. Id. FRONT, in architecture, denotes the principal face or side of a building, or that presented to their chief aspect or view. FRONTAL, n. s. Fr. frontale; Lat. frontale. Any external form of medicine to be applied to the forehead, generally composed among the ancients of coolers and hypnoticks. We may apply intercipients upon the temples of mastick: frontales may also be applied. Wiseman. The torpedo, alive, stupefies at a distance; but after death produceth no such effect; which had they retained, they might have supplied opium, and served as frontals in phrensies. Browne. FRONTAL, FRONTLET, or brow-band, in the Jewish ceremonies, consists of four several pieces of vellum, on each of which is written some text of scripture. They are all laid on a piece of black calf's leather with thongs to tie it by. The Jews apply the leather with the vellum on their foreheads in the synagogue, and tie it round the head with the thongs. FRONTATED, adj. Lat. frons. In botany, the frontated leaf of a flower grows broader and broader, and at last perhaps terminates in a right line: used in opposition to cuspated, which is, when the leaves of a flower end in a point. FRONTBOX, n. s. Front and box. The box in the playhouse from which there is a direct view to the stage. How vain are all these glories, all our pains, Unless good sense preserve what beauty gains! That men may say, when we the frontbox grace, Pope. Behold the first in virtue, as in face. FRONTIER, n. s. & adj. Fr. frontiere. The limit or utmost verge of any territory; the border; properly that which terminates not at the Draw all the inhabitants of those borders away, or plant garrisons upon all those frontiers about him. Spenser on Ireland. I upon my frontiers here keep residence, That little which is left so to defend. Milton. Yet had his temple high Reared in Azotus, dreaded through the coast Of Palestine, in Gath and Askalon, An Accaron and Gaza's frontier bounds. Id. Paradise Lost. A place there lies on Gallia's utmost bounds, Where rising seas insult the frontier grounds. Addison. Beyond the frontiers, his anxious view could discover nothing, except the ocean, inhospitable deserts, hostile tribes of barbarians of fierce manners and unknown language, or dependant kings who would gladly purchase the emperor's protection by the sacrifice of an obnoxious fugitive. Gibbon. FRONTIERS are the extremes of a kingdom or country, which the enemies find in front when they would enter it. They were anciently called marches. FRONTINAC, FORT, a fortress of Canada, or. the north-west side of Lake Ontario, three miles from its mouth, and 300 from Quebec. It was taken from the French, in August 1759, by the British under colonel Bradstreet, though defended by 110 men and sixty pieces of cannon, besides Indians. FRONTINUS (Sextus Julius), an ancient Roman anthor, of consular dignity, who flourished under Vespasian, Titus, Domitian, Nerva, and Trajan. He commanded the Roman armies in Britain; was made city prætor when Vespasian and Titus were consuls; and curator of the aqueducts by Nerva, which occasioned his writing De Aquæductibus Urbis Romæ. He wrote four books upon the Greek and Roman art of war; a tract De re Agrariâ, and another De Limitibus. These have been often separately printed; but were all collected in a neat edition at Amsterdam, in 1661, with notes by Robert Keuchen. He died under Trajan. FRONTISPIEČE, n. s. Fr. frontispice; Lat. frontispicium, id quod in fronte conspicitur. That part of any building or other body that directly meets the eye. With frontispiece of diamond and gold Embellished, thick with sparkling orient gems The portal shone. Milton's Paradise Lost Who is it has informed us that a rational soul can inhabit no tenement, unless it has just such a sort of frontispiece? Locke. beautiful black marble, streaked with white. The frontispiece of the townhouse has pillars of a Addison Lucius Verus. The former made him consul, and erected a statue to his honor. When the frost seizes upon wine, only the more waterish parts are congealed; there is a mighty spi Front and room. An rit which can retreat into itself, and within its own compass lies secure from the freezing impression. FRONTRO'OM, n. s. partment in the fore part of the house. If your shop stands in an eminent street, the frontrooms are commonly more airy than the backrooms; and it will be inconvenient to make the frontroom shallow. Moxon. FRONZELLA, one of the seventeen almost naccessible passes through the mountains of Vicenza, in Italy, commencing in the Valley of Brenta. It is the narrowest of them, and is so 'covered by perpendicular rocks, 300 feet high, that a ray of the sun can scarcely penetrate into the pass, and the eye cannot perceive the sky.' Yet this road (says, Dr. Oppenheim), is the easiest and most passable' of the seventeen, ፡ except during rain or snow, when it is the most perilous.' FRORE, adj. Dutch bevrozen, frozen. Frozen. This word is not used since the time of Milton. FRORNE. O, my heart-blood is well nigh frorne I feel, Spenser's Past. FROST, n. s. Sax. Fɲort; Dan. Swed. FROS'TED, adj. and Teut. frost; Belg. FROSTILY, adv vrost. The last effect of FROST INESS, n. s. cold; the power or act of FROSTY, adj. congelation; the appearance of plants and trees sparkling with congelation of dew: the adjective is applied to whatever in appearance resembles this: the adverb is plied not only to natural cold but to want of animal warmth, and to coldness of affection; likewise to the head that is gray with age. ap Chaucer. Prologue to Cant. Tales. Spenser's Faerie Queene. If it be banished from the frosty head, South. Who marched to Moscow, led by Fame the Syren! FROST, in physiology. Having under the articles COLD, CONGELATION, and FREEZING, entered fully into the various phenomena of freezing, we shall only here add a few miscellaneous observations on particular effects of frost. Being derived from the atmosphere, (see METEOROLOGY), frost naturally proceeds from the upper parts of bodies downwards, as the water and the earth: so, the longer a frost is continued, the thicker the ice becomes upon the water in ponds, and the deeper into the earth the ground is frozen. In about sixteen or seventeen days frost, Mr. Boyle found it had penetrated fourteen inches into the ground. At Moscow, in a hard season, the frost will penetrate two feet deep in the ground; and captain James found it pene trated ten feet deep in Charlton Island, and the water in the same island was frozen to the depth of six feet. Scheffer assures us, that in Sweden the frost pierces two cubits or Swedish ells into the earth, and turns what moisture it finds there into a whitish substance, like ice; and standing waters to three ells, or more. The same author also mentions sudden cracks in the ice of the lakes of Sweden, nine or ten feet deep, and many leagues long; the rupture being made with a noise not less loud than if many guns were discharged together. By such means, however, the fishes are furnished with air; so that they are rarely found dead. In the northern parts of the world the most compact bodies are affected by frost. Timber is often apparently frozen, and rendered exceedingly difficult to saw. Marl, chalk, and other less solid terrestrial concretions, will be shattered by strong and durable frosts. Metals are contracted by frost, thus, an iron tube twelve feet long, upon being exposed to the air in a frosty night, lost two lines of its length. nearly one tenth of its bulk. Mr. Boyle made On the contrary, frost swells or dilates water several experiments with metalline vessels, exceedingly thick and strong; which being filled with water, close stopped, and exposed to the cold, burst by the expansion of the frozen fluid within them. Trees are often destroyed by frost, |