the senators, and the great officers, the Master of the Ceremonies cried aloud, 'Be gone, O Emperor, the King of kings, the Lord of lords demands you.' On which the attendants raised the body and carried it to the church of the Apostles, where the High Chamberlain with his own hands put on its shroud, and lowered it into the imperial tomb."-CODINUS. Andrews.

St. Romuald.1

"1006. ST. ROMUALD founded the Camaldules in Italy. He fled from Spain, because the Spaniards, to make sure of his relics, were going to murder him."—ST. Foix. Andrews.

Bloody Soil near Battle. "EXPECT not here I should insert what William of Newbury writeth, that not far from Battail Abby, in the place where so great a slaughter of the Englishmen was made, after any shower, presently sweateth forth very fresh blood out of the earth, as if the evidence thereof did plainly declare the voice of blood there shed, and crieth still from the earth unto the Lord."-FULLER.

St. Keyne's Well.2

"I KNOW not whether it be worth the reporting, that there is in Cornwall, near the parish of St. Neots, a well arched over with the robes of four kinds of trees, withy, oak, elm, and ash, dedicated to St. Keyne. The reported vertue of the water is this, that whether husband or wife come first to drink thereof, they get the mastery thereby."— Ibid.

Wars in Wales.

“I AM much affected with the ingenuity of an English nobleman, who following the

1 See the Ballad, p. 436.-J. W.W.
2 Ibid. p. 446.-J. W. W.

camp of King Henry III. in these parts (Carnarvonshire), wrote home to his friends about the end of September, 1245, the naked truth indeed, as followeth; We lie in our tents watching, fasting, praying and freezing. We watch for fear of the Welshmen, who are wont to invade us in the night; we fast for want of meat, for the half-peny loaf is worth five pence; we pray to God to send us home speedily; we freeze for want of winter garments, having nothing but thin linen betwixt us and the wind."— Ibid.

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second they said, 'By means of this you walk without obstruction along the road which is defended by the great serpent.' With the third,' By this you will go securely through the place where there is the crocodile Xochitonal.' The fourth was a safe passport through the eight deserts; the fifth through the eight hills; and the sixth was given in order to pass without hurt through the sharp wind; for they pretended that it was necessary to pass a place called Itzehecajan, where a wind blew so violently as to tear up rocks, and so sharp, that it cut like a knife; on which account they burned all the habits which the deceased had worn during life, their arms and some household goods, in order that the heat of this fire might defend them from the cold of that terrible wind. One of the chief and most ridiculous ceremonies at

funerals was the killing a techichi, a domestic quadruped, resembling a little dog, to accompany the deceased in their journey to the other world. They fixed a string about its neck, believing that necessary to enable it to pass the deep river of Chiuhnahuapan, or New Waters. They buried the techichi, or burned it along with the body of its master, according to the kind of death of which he died. While the masters of the ceremonies were lighting up the fire in which the body was to be burned, the other priests kept singing in a melancholy strain. After burning the body, they gathered the ashes in an earthen pot, amongst which, according to the circumstances of the deceased, they put a gem of more or less value, which they said would serve him in place of a heart in the other world. They buried this earthen pot in a deep ditch, and fourscore days after made oblations of bread and wine over it.

"They were firmly persuaded, that without such a guide as the techichi, it would be impossible to get through some dangerous ways which led to the other world."

Con, the son of the Sun.

"AMONG the inhabitants of the New World a common and generall received opinion was embraced with them, that, at the beginning of the world, from the Septentrionall, or Northern parts, there came a man called Con or Conon, who had no bones in his whole body, and therefore went verie quicke and lightly, much shortening the wayes, abasing the hills and mountaines, and raising the lowe-layd vallies onelie with his word and will, and named himselfe to be the sonne of the sunne.

"This man filled the earth with men and women, which he produced, giving unto them divers fruites, and other things necessary for humane life. But by a displeasure he received from them, hee converted the earth, which hee before had freely given them, into a drie and barren sand, and tooke away the raine also, that it should never more showre downe, nor moisture any place. Yet as pittying their misery, he left them rivers only, to the end that they might conserve themselves, in watering the grounds by theyr owne paine and labour.

"At length came one Pachamo, who was likewise sonne both to the sunne and moone, and, having expelled or banished Conon, converted those men into cattes, and afterward created other men. The people tooke this man to be a god, and so he was generally reputed, untill the Christians came into those countries, having erected a very good temple unto him, neare to Lima, it beeing the most renowned in all those lands:

See the Ballad, p. 431.-J. W. W.

"IN Monkley Church, Devonshire, is a monument for Sir William Hankford, Chief Justice of the King's Bench, of whom the Devonshire historians pretend that he was the person who imprisoned Prince Henry, son of Henry IV. and that fearing his displeasure when King, he retired to his seat here, and charging the keeper of his park to kill any man in his night walk that would not tell him who he was, he went into the park under those circumstances, and was killed. A tree near which this accident is said to have happened is still called Hankford's oak."-GOUGH.

Turkish Astronomy.

"FROM the mufti to the peasant it is generally believed that there are seven heavens, from which the earth is immoveably suspended by a large chain; that the sun is an immense ball of fire, at least as big as a whole Ottoman province, formed for the sole purpose of giving light and heat to the earth; that eclipses of the moon are occasioned by a great dragon attempting to devour that luminary; that the fixed stars hang by chains from the highest heaven. These absurdities are, in part, supported by

A Succubus.

"IN Germanie," said LUTHER," was heretofore a noble familie, which were born of a Succubus, and fell out thus:

"A gentleman had a fair young wife which died, and was also buried. Not long after the gentleman and his servant lying together in one chamber, his dead wife in the night time approached into the chamber, and leaned herself upon the gentleman's bed, like as if shee had been desirous to speak with him. The servant, seeing the

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same two or three nights one after another, asked his master whether he knew that every night a woman in white apparel came unto his bed. The gentleman said, ' No: I sleep soundly,' said he, and see nothing.' When night approached, the gentleman considering the same, laie waking in bed. Then hard to his bed side. The gentleman dethe woman appeared unto him and came manded who she was? Shee answered,' I and buried.' Shee said, True; by reason am your wife." Hee said, 'My wife is dead of your swearing and sins I died; but if you would take mee again, and would also abstain from swearing one particular oath, which commonly you use, then would I bee your wife again.' Hee said, 'I am content to perform what you desire.' Whereupon his dead wife remained with him, ruled his hous, laie with him, ate and drank with him, and had children together. Now it fell out, that on a time the gentleman had guests, and his wife after supper was to fetch out of his chest som banquetting stuff: shee staying somewhat long, her husband, forgetting himself, was moved thereby to swear his accustomed oath; whereupon the woman vanished that instant. Now seeing shee returned not again, they went up into the chamber to see what was becom of her. There they found the gown which shee wore, half lying within the chest and half without. But shee was never seen afterwards.

"The Prince Elector of Saxon, John Frederick, having received advertisement of this strange accident, sent thereupon presently unto me," said Luther, " to have my opinion what I held of that woman and of the children which were begotten and born of these two persons: whereupon I wrote to his highness, that in my opinion neither that woman, nor those children were not right human creatures, but divels." -DR. MARTIN LUTHER'S Divine Discourses at his Table, &c. translated by Captain Henrie Bell. 1652.

The Nix.

"THE Divel casteth before the eies a blaze or a mist, and so deceiveth people, insomuch that one thinketh hee lieth by a right woman, and yet is no such matter. But inasmuch as children or divels are conceived in such sort, the same are very horrible and fearful examples in that Satan can plague and so torment people as to beget children. Like unto this is it also with that which they call the Nix in the water, who draweth people unto him, as maids and virgins, of whom hee begetteth divels children." -Ibid.

Killcrops.

"THE Divel can also steal children away, as sometimes children within the space of six weeks after their birth are lost, and other children or changelings laid in their places. Of the Saxons they were called Killcrops.

"Eight years since," said Luther, " at Dessaw, I did see and touch such a changed child, which was twelve years of age, hee had his eies and all members like another childe. Hee did nothing but feed, and would eat as much as two clowns or threshers were able to eat. When one touched it, then it cried out; when anie evil happened in the hous then it laughed and was joiful; but when all went well, then it cried and was very sad. I told the Prince of Anhalt, if I were Prince of that countrie,

so would I venture homicidium thereon, and would throw it into the river Moldaw. I admonished the people dwelling in that place devoutly to pray to God to take away the divel; the same was don accordingly, and the second year after the changeling died."-Ibid.

"IN Saxonia, near unto Halberstad, was a man that also had a Killerop, who sucked the mother and five other women drie, and besides devoured very much. This man was advised that hee should in his pilgrimage at Halberstad make a promise of the Killerop to the Virgin Marie, and should cause him there to be rockd. This advice the man followed, and carried the changeling thither in a basket; but going over a river, being upon the bridge, another divel that was below in the river called, and said 'Killerop! Killerop!' Then the childe in the basket, which never before spake one word, answered 'Ho! ho!' The divel in the water asked further, Whither art thou going!' the child in the basket said, 'I am going towards Halberstad to our loving mother, to be rocked.' The man being much affrighted thereat, threw the childe with the basket over the bridge into the water; whereupon the two divels flew away together, and cried 'Ho! ho! ha!' tumbling themselves one over another, and so vanished.

"Such changelings and Killcrops," said Luther, "supponit Satan in locum verorum filiorum;' for the divel hath this power, that hee changeth children, and in stead thereof laieth divels in the cradles, which prosper not, only they feed and suck but such changelings live not above eighteen or nineteen years. One of these more fowleth itself in the excrements than ten other children do, so that the parents are much therewith disquieted, and the mothers in such sort are sucked out, that afterwards they are able to give suck no more. Such changelings," said Luther, are also baptized, in regard that they cannot bee known the first year, but are known onely by sucking the mothers drie."

Queen Christina.

"LA reine Christine, en quittant la couronne pour se livrer plus entièrement aux gens de lettres, ressemble à cette femme qui se fit arracher deux belles dents pour plaire à son amant, qui se disoit toujours épris de son âme seule, et inaccessible à tous ses charmes extérieurs; mais sa maitresse étant moins belle, il ne l'aima plus."-MADAME NECKER.

Drums of Captives' Skins.

"In some provinces they flead the captives taken in war, and with their skins covered their drums, thinking with the sound of them to affright their enemies; for their opinion was, that when their kindred heard

Peruvian Ideas of the Moon. "WHEN they observed the moon begin to grow dark in her eclipse, they said she was sick; and when she was totally obscured, that she was dead; and then they feared lest she should fall from heaven, and overwhelm and kill them, and that the world should be entirely dissolved. With these apprehensions, so soon as the moon entered into eclipse, they sounded their trumpets and cornets, beat their kettles, symbals, and all the instruments which could make noise and sound; they tied their dogs in strings, and beat them till they cried and howled; saying that with their voices they called upon the moon, who having received certain services from them, was very inclinable to hearken to their call, and that all these varieties of

would be immediately seized with fear and put to flight."-GARCILASSO.

Parents eat.

"What was most abominable above all, was a custom amongst some Indians to eat the flesh of their parents, so soon as they were dead, accounting it a part of their respect and duty to bury and intomb them within their own entrails, which they boiled or roasted according to the quantity; if the body was lean and extenuated, they boiled the flesh to make it the more tender; and if it were gross and fleshy, then it was roasted: and for the bones, they buried them with some ceremony, either in the holes of rocks,

or the hollow trees."-Ibid.

The Inca Royal Bounty.

"In process of time the Inca, willing to enlarge the privileges of his people, gave them permission to bore their ears, though not so wide as the Incas."-Ibid.

See anecdote of Zisca, third series, p. 381. This extract is quoted to the lines, "He stript the skin, and formed of it a drum, Whose sound affrighted armies."

Madoc in Aztlan, xiii. p. 389.-J. W. W.

her, being fallen into a drowsiness and slumber which her sickness had caused; and then they made their children cry and call 'Mama Quilla,' or, 'Mother Moon, do not dye, lest we all perish."-Ibid.

"CONCERNING the spots in the moon, they conceived another fable more ridiculous than the former, and may be compared with that which the more refined ancients framed of Diana, and that the moon was a huntress, though this seems more bestial and absurd, for they feignd that a certain fox, seeing the moon so beautiful, fell enamoured of her, and that his love gave him wings, with which he ascended heaven, and being ready to embrace the moon, she closed and clung so close to the fox, that ever since that time the spots have appeared in the brightness of her body."-Ibid.

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Of the Sun.

"WHEN they saw the sun set within the sea, as they may every night observe to the westward from the coast of Peru, they fansied that the waters were parted by the force of his fire and heat; and that being a good swimmer, he plunged himself into the waves,