Cyclopedia of Architecture, Carpentry and Building: A General Reference Work...American school of correspondence, 1907 |
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angle arch Architect arrowheads ashlar beam bending bending moment brick called cast iron cement center of gravity clay column components compression Compute concrete construction cross-section cubic culvert denote determine diameter draw elastic limit end supports equation equilibrium EXAMPLES FOR PRACTICE external shear F₁ F₂ factor of safety feet long fibre foot-pounds force polygon forces acting formula hammer headers hence horizontal I-beam inch-pounds inertia left end left reaction length lime line of action magnitude and direction masonry material moment of inertia moments mortar neutral axis piles polygon for joint pounds per square pull radius of gyration represented in Fig representing the stresses represents the magnitude respectively resultant rivets roof Rosendale safe load sand shaft shearing stress side snow load square inch stone stress diagram surface sustain tensile tension thickness timber truss ultimate strength vertical wind pressure wrought iron
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Сторінка 282 - ... in length, and if] over 24 inches in thickness, shall have one header for every 6 superficial feet on both sides of the wall, laid on top of each other to bond together, and running into the wall at least 2 feet. " All headers shall be at least 12 inches in width and 8 inches in thickness and consist of good flat stones.
Сторінка 188 - Arm of a couple is the perpendicular distance between the lines of action of the two forces...
Сторінка 282 - In all brick walls every sixth course shall be a heading course, except where walls are faced with brick in running bond, in which latter case every sixth course shall be bonded into the backing by cutting the course of the face brick and putting in diagonal headers behind the same, or by splitting the face brick in half and backing the same with a continuous row of headers.
Сторінка 320 - In brick and rubble arches a large proportion of the arch ring consists of mortar, and if the center is removed too soon the compression of this mortar might cause a serious or even dangerous deformation- of the arch. Hence the centers of such arches should remain until the mortar has not 'only set, but has attained a considerable part of its ultimate strength. Frequently the centers of bridge arches are not removed for three or four months after the arch is completed, but usually the centers for...
Сторінка 222 - ... according to position was important; but with the new styles of kilns and improved methods of burning, the quality is so nearly uniform throughout the kiln that the classification is less important.
Сторінка 8 - ... yet devised for the education of the busy working man. C. In conclusion, grateful acknowledgment is due the staff of authors and collaborators, without whose hearty co-operation this work would have been impossible. VOLUME VII FREEHAND DRAWING .... By If. E. Everett^ Page *11 General Principles — Learning to See...
Сторінка 292 - Drafted stones are those on which the face is surrounded by a chisel draft, the space inside the draft being left rough. Ordinarily, however, this is done only on stones in which the cutting of the joints is such as to exclude them from this class.
Сторінка 328 - X 2,323,200 = cubic feet per square mile. (2) The amount of water to be drained off will depend upon the permeability of the surface of the ground, which will vary greatly with the kind of soil, the degree of saturation, the condition of the cultivation, the amount of vegetation, etc. (3) The rapidity with which the water will reach the water course depends upon whether the surface is rough or smooth, steep or flat, barren or covered with vegetation, etc.
Сторінка 234 - F. Below a certain inferior limit, ordinarily from 30° to 40° F., the cement will not set, while at a certain upper limit, in many cements between 100° and 140° F., a change is suddenly made from a very rapid to a very slow rate, which then continually decreases as the temperature increases, until practically the ceinjnt will not set.
Сторінка 150 - The foregoing equations show that the rectangular component of a force along any line equals the product of the force and the cosine of the angle between, the force and the line. They show also that the rectangular component of a force along its own line of action equals the force, and its rectangular component at right angles to the line of action equals zero. Examples. 1. A force of 120 pounds makes an angle of 22 degrees with the horizontal. What...