from, i. 28; is influenced by Mani-
chæism, i. 34; after combat, Church
virtually assents to, i. 36; triumph of,
is not undisturbed, i. 39-40; of pagans
of the Empire, i. 42; furthered by
prohibition of women as ministers, i.
56; demands artificial purity, i. 57; not
yet an article of faith and discipline,
i. 57; Bonosus, Jovinian, and Vigilan-
tius, leaders against, i. 67; voluntary,
in fourth century, i. 53; becomes obli-
gatory, i. 59; voluntary in the East, i.
88-9; not adopted in Armenia, i. 96;
fanciful views regarding, i. 269, note;
gains adherents among laity, i. 287;
in Irish Church, i. 184, 360; virtually
ignored in Spain in twelfth cen-
tury, i. 376; in middle ages, i. 431;
rigid, of monk of Vallis Dei, i. 448; of
military Orders, i. 451, 454; of Albi-
genses, i. 463; of Petrobrusians, i. 463;
opposed by Brethren of the Free Spirit,
i. 470; of Wickcliffe, i. 475; of Hussites,
i. 479; Clement VII. on Lutheran stig-
matising of, ii. 151; Hosius, Bishop of
Ermeland, on, ii. 192

Ashera, worship of, i. 4

Assembly, National, secularises Church
property, ii. 306-7; legalises clerical
marriage, ii. 309
Assermentés, ii. 308
Assideans, i. 8

Astorga, Bishop of, on Tridentine canons,
ii. 207

Astrolabius, son of Abelard, i. 324

Athanasius, St., testifies to freedom of
priests to marry, i. 52-3
Athenagoras, references by, to chastity
and marriage, i. 19; on second mar-
riage, i. 23; on asceticism, i. 113
Athravas, hereditary transmission by,
i. 6
Atto of Vercelli, on female ministration,
i. 57; on marriage of priests, i. 167
Attys, myth of, i. 42

Auditors, Manichæan, i. 37
Augsburg, Council of (tenth century), i.
48, note; in 952, i. 171; Diet of, in
1530, ii. 64; "Confession" of, ii. 65;
synod of, in 1548, ii. 187; Diet of
adopts code of reformation, ii. 186
Augsburg formula of reformation, ii. 188;
formula published, ii. 191; confession

of, examined by Cochlæus, ii. 210, note
Augustin of Canterbury and celibacy, i.
185-6

Augustin, St., special pleading of, on
Jewish priesthood, i. 5, note; on mar-
riage, i. 38; promotes asceticism, i. 75;
succeeds in labours for celibacy, i. 81;
describes morals of wandering monks,i.
112; says that marriage of nuns is
binding, i. 114; on danger arising from
female residence, i. 157, note

Augustin, rule of, adopted by military
Orders, i. 451
Augustinians, of Gloucester, suppression
of, ii. 96; Martin Luther belongs to
Order of, ii. 43, 44; of Wittenberg
throw open their doors, ii. 44; enfran-
chise themselves at Nürnberg, ii. 51
Aunts, residence of, forbidden for priests,
i. 156

Aurelian, St., of Arles, rule of, i. 125
Aurelius, St., advocates celibacy, i. 74;
proposes canon ordering married
priests to leave wives, i. 75
Auricular confession, commencement of,
ii. 252, note

Ausch, Congrès fraternel of, in 1793, ii.

312

Austria, enforcement of celibacy in, i.
300; "Old Catholics" in, ii. 329; civil
marriage in, ii. 330

Autun, Prince Talleyrand Bishop of, ii.
317; marries, ii, 317

Auvergne, Council of, in 535, i. 84, note
Auxerre, Council of, in 578, i. 84, note;

persecution of celibates in, ii. 312
Availles, case occurring at, in 1817, ii. 358
Avellana, monks of, i. 217

Avesbury, nunnery of, shamelessness of
abbess of, i. 343

D'Avesnes, case of, i. 399-400

Avignon, residence of Popes in, i. 425;
scandalous morals of, i. 425; Council
of, in, 1594, ii. 241

Avila, Pedro de, ii. 214; envoy of Philip
II. to Pius IV., ii. 216-17
Avis, Order of, i. 455

Avranche, Council of, in 1172, i. 394
Ayenbite of Inwyt, i. 434, note

Badegisilus of Le Mans, i. 132, note
Baden, priests of, 'petition for leave to
marry, ii. 325

Baithusin, hereditary priesthood of, i. 5
Baldric of Dol, i. 312

Bale, Bishop of Ossory, controversial
writing of, ii. 118

Bâle, Council of, in 1432, i. 477, note;
Hussites reconciled at, i. 477, note;
clerical marriage suggested at, ii. 26,
canons of, affirmed in Scotland, ii. 159
Balfour, Andrew, ii. 157

Balsamon on legislation of Greek Church,
i. 93, note

Balthazar Cossa, afterwards John XXIII.,
i. 426

Balthazar Sturmius, married monk, ii. 45

Baltimore, Council of, in 1829, ii. 352
Bamberg, troubles of, in 1431, ii. 11;
morals of clergy in 1505 in, ii. 58,

note

Bandello, Bishop, on clerical immorality
in Italy, ii. 57

Bangor, morals of clergy in. ii. 105-6
Baptism by immoral priests, i. 187, 437;
repetition of, refused by Ecgberht, i.
187

Baptisma igneum, ii. 68

Barba, Canon Miguel, superintendent of
convents, ii. 286

Barbarians, the, and the Church, i. 130-
40; superior morality of, i. 86
Barbarossa, strife of, with Alexander III.,
i. 393; not allowed to enter Fulda, ii.
23, note

Bardsey, Culdees of, i. 367, note
Bari, military Bishop of, i. 209

Baronius on Gregory of Nazianzum, i. 53,

note

Barrios, Bishop of Santafé, regulations of,
ii. 246

Barry, Mr., researches of, in Spanish
archives, ii. 249, note

Barsuma, Metropolitan of Nisibi, i. 98
Bartelot, John, on bribes by Abbot of
Crossed Friars, ii. 97, note

Bartholomew of Bracara demands re-
forms, ii. 198

Barzi, Vincenzo, has light punishment
for solicitation, ii. 282

Basil, St., strict enforcement of canon by,
i. 88, note

Basilica of Leo the Philosopher, quoted

by Photius, i. 93

Basilides, heresy of, i. 21
Basinus of Treves, i. 145

Bastardy increased by enforced celibacy,
ii. 347

Bathing, promiscuous,
Cyprian, i. 31

rebuked by

Baumgartner, August, speaks at Council
of Trent, ii. 178, 221

Bavaria, marriage of nuns forbidden in
772, i. 153, note; demand for clerical
marriage in, ii. 75, 194-6; rising in,
to demand priestly marriage and cup
for laity, ii. 201, note; "Old Catholic
movement in, ii. 329

Beards, clergy insist on wearing, ii. 231
Beatoun, Cardinal, immorality of, ii.
157-8

Beauvais, Massieu, Bishop of, publicly
married, ii. 310

Bede, the Venerable, on Aaron's linen
breeches, i. 63, note; praises St.
Columba's disciples, i. 185
Beggars' Petition, the, ii. 90

Beggars, legislation against, under
Henry VIII., ii. 94

Begghards in Germany, i. 469; errors
of, i. 471, note

VOL. II.

Béguines, brotherhood of, i. 469
Belgium, Mgr. Sterckx, Archbishop of
Mechlin, addressed on morals in, ii.
346
Bellarmine, Cardinal, on story of Paph-
nutius, i. 51; far-fetched logic of, on
celibacy, ii. 297

Beltis, Babylonian, i. 4

Benchor, monastery of, i. 360, note
Benedict VIII. enforces celibacy, i.
206

Benedict IX., scandalous life of, i. 208;
driven out of Rome, i. 214; returns,
and sells papal dignity, i. 214; re-
instated as Pope, i. 218

Benedict XIII. canonises St. Toribio of
Peru, ii. 247

Benedict XIV., bull on "solicitation"
by, ii. 267, 274; denounces inquiry of
name of partner in guilt, ii. 276; on
civil marriage, ii. 330

Benedict of Camin on clerical morals,
ii. 19

Benedict the Levite on residence of
female relatives, i. 157, note

Benedict, St., of Nursia, i. 122, note, 123;
rule promulgated by, i. 124-5; be-
comes universal, i. 125; supplemented
by Louis le Debonnaire, i. 154;
adopted by military orders, i. 451
Benedictine Order, saints in the, i. 126;
contentions of, with Franciscans, i.
415; peaceful arts owe preservation
to, i. 445

Benefices held, by tenure of chastity, i.
382; bestowal of, on servants, ii. 173;
hereditary (see Hereditary transmis-
sion)

Benefit of clergy extended to concubines
of priests, i. 421

Benevento, "Madame Grand" becomes
Princess of, ii. 318-19
Benzo, Bishop, account of Hildebrand by,
i., 231, note; use of term "Paterini
by, i. 249, note; on Nicolitism, i.
284, note

Berardi, on confessional, ii. 267, note,
351, note; on laxity in Liguori, ii.
268, note

Berengaria of Barcelona, i. 376
Berenger of Tours, on priestly marriage,
i. 307

Bernald of Constance disputes on celi-

bacy, i. 50-1; disbelieves story of
Paphnutius, i. 51

Bernard, St., reforms by, i. 319; miracle
wrought by, i. 321-2; on barbarism
of Ireland, i. 361, note; hymn by, on
St. Malachi, i. 362, note; on dissolu-
tion of priestly marriage, i. 389; on
the Albigenses, i. 409; on Petrobu-
sians, i. 463; on licentiousness of
Rome, i. 430; on revival of Mani-
chæism, i. 409

2 A

Bernard of Font Cauld on Waldenses,

i. 468

Bernard of Tiron preaches reform, i.

311

Bernhardi, Bartholomew, pastor, mar-
riage of, ii. 42

Bernhardus Baptisatus, ii. 4
Beroalde de Verville, ii. 241

Bertolf, Duke of Carinthia, has menacing
letter from Pope Gregory, i. 277
Bertrand, St., of Comminges, miracle of,
i. 325

Berytus, synod of, i. 86

Besançon, synod of, in 1689, ii. 274
Beth Sopherim uphold doctrine of future
life, i. 8

Beverege, John, burnt, ii. 166

Beza, Theodore, on Anglican priestly
marriage, ii. 139, note

Bèze, charter to monastery of, i. 320
Bhagavad-gita and Christianity, i. 99,

note

Bhikshus and Bhikshunis (Buddhist), i.
101

Bidone, Luigi, priest of Oliva Gessi, case
of, ii. 350

Bigamy of priests in tenth century, i.
194; in eleventh century, i. 200; in
twelfth century, i. 295; caused by
celibacy, i. 338

Bigorre, legalised concubinage in, i. 231,

note

Bilio, Cardinal, author of the Syllabus,
ii. 328

Bird, Bishop of Chester, repudiates wife,
ii. 126, note

Bisantio of Bari, i. 209

Bishops, marriage of (see Marriage)
Bishop of Le Mans son of priest, i. 241
Bishops, to be husband of one wife, i.
26; number of digamous, i. 26, 183;
retain wives, in Coptic Church, i. 100;
must have witnesses to purity of living,
i. 147; nominated by Merovingians, i.
132; immoral character of many, i. 133;
to provide security for diocesan pro-
perty, i. 137; increase of power for, i.
152; military, i. 175, note; debate in
assembly of German, i. 178; warlike
character of, in tenth century, i. 175,
note; in eleventh century, i. 209;
openly married in Rome itself, i. 210;
Damiani declaims against depravity
of, i. 233; disaffected at synod of
Pavia, i. 259; Scandinavian, take con-
cubines to visitations, ii. 2; ordered
to eject concubines or lose prefer-
ment, ii. 6; ordered by Henry VIII.
to arrest married priests, ii. 107; de-
prived under Edward VI. and Mary,
ii. 126; under Elizabeth, ii. 126;
French, ordered not to interfere with
priests' marriages, ii. 314

Bishoprics, hereditary in Brittany, i. 312 ;

in Ireland, i. 361; created from English
monasteries, ii. 99-100

Blacater, Bishop, persecutes Lollards,
ii. 155

Blanca, Sor Antonio, illicit relations in
confessional, ii. 286

Blas Ortiz, Vicar General of Toledo, tries
immoral priest, ii. 254
Blood-letting of monks, i. 156
Boccaccio, plain speaking of, i. 432
Bodonus on "intention" in confessional
questions, ii. 267

Bohemia, enforcement of celibacy in,
i. 293-4; Calixtins in, i. 480; Maxi-
milian of, ii. 199, 210, 211; communion
in both kinds for, ii. 212

Bois le Duc, synod of, in 1612, ii. 237
Boisset, Father, appeals to civil au-
thorities for marriage, ii. 319

Bologna, Balthazar Cossa legate in,
i. 427

Bonafede, Niccolò, Bishop of Chiusi,
ii. 15

Bonaventura, on absolution, i. 431, note;
on abuse of confessional, i. 436, note;
quoted by Boussard, ii. 27-8; on
priests and female penitents, ii. 253
Boniface of Canterbury, i. 353
Boniface of Lausanne, i. 423
Boniface, St., asceticism of, i. 142; as-
sists Carloman to reform morals, i. 144;
relations with Gervilius, i. 146; admits
universal licentiousness, i. 146; ad-
vised by Pope Zachary to leave Milo
to divine vengeance, i. 145; reforms
Frankish clergy, i. 147; falls under
sword of Frisians, i. 150; appeal of, to
Cuthbert of Canterbury, i. 188
Bonizo deposed and martyred, i. 263
Bonn, "Old Catholic" synod of, in 1878,
ii. 329

Bonner, Bishop, deprives married priests,
ii. 125, note; visitation of London by,
ii. 126; scandals concerning, ii. 135
Bonosiacs, i. 67

Bonosus opposed to ascetic spirit, i. 67;
denounced by Siricius, i. 67; and fol-
lowers, by Council of Capua, i. 67-8;
followers of, referred to in Penitential
St. Columban, i. 68

Book of Discipline, Knox, ii. 164
Books of canon law burned by Luther,
ii. 41

Bora, Catharine von, escapes from con-
vent of Nimptschen, ii. 50; marries
Luther, ii. 51

Bordeaux, Council of, in 1624, ii. 240
Borgia, Roderic, character of, i. 428
Borromeo, St. Charles of, ii. 227
Bosnia, heretics of, i. 462, note
Bossaert d'Avesnes, case of, i. 398-9
Bossu d'Arras, Le, on Alexander IV.
i. 414

Bossuet, probable marriage of, ii. 298

Botoa, monastery of, i. 374
Bouhier de l'Ecluse, ii. 323, note
Bourbon, Cardinal of, ii. 241
Bourges, Council of, in 1031, i. 207; in
1528, ii. 173; in 1800, ii. 315; Torné,
Bishop of, publicly married, ii. 310
Bourne, Sir John, complains of dean and
chapter, Worcester, ii. 142; quarrels
with Dr. Sandys, ii. 148
Boussard, Geoffroi, dissertation of, on
priestly continence, i. 15, ii. 27
Boyer on "droit de marquette," i. 441,

note

Bracton on position of concubines, i. 231,

note

Bracara, Archbishop of, ii. 198
Braga, Councils of, i. 84, note
Brahmanism, asceticism of, i. 7
Branda, Cardinal, reforms of, ii. 7
Brantôme, on shameless papal court, i.
426; on Cardinal de Châtillon, ii. 153,
note;
on morals under Catherine de
Medicis, ii. 241

Brazil, suppression of monasteries in, ii.
338

Brecislas of Bohemia, i. 290

Bremen, Council of, in 1266, i. 303
Bremen, Archbishop of, receives letter
from Pius IV., ii. 222, note

Breslau, Council of, in 1416, i. 419; in
1580, ii. 233

Brethren of the Free Spirit, i. 469; re-
suscitation of, ii. 68

Bribes to avert suppression of monas-
teries, ii. 93, note

Brice, St., story of, concerning paternity
of child, i. 79-80

Bridfrith, Life of St. Dunstan, i. 192, note
Bristol, see of, created, ii. 100
Brittany, Church of, i. 134, note; priestly
marriage in, i. 312

British clergy, corruption of, i. 183;
Church, discipline of, i. 184; in ninth
century, i. 198

Briviesca, Sebastian, guilty priest, quietly
sent away, ii. 216

Brothels, kept by prelates, ii. 57; Louis
XV. orders arrest of priests frequent-
ing, ii, 303

Brou-Laurière, M. de, case of marriage
of, ii. 323

Brixen, schismatic synod of, in 1080,
i. 284

Brück, "Kirche in Deutschland,” ii. 336,

note

Brunhilda appeals to Gregory the Great,
i. 139

Bruno of Toul created Pope as Leo IX.,
i. 218

Bruno, St., reforms by, i. 319; founds
Grande Chartreuse, ii. 23, note
Brunswick, chapter of, in 1476, ii. 18
Brut Tywysogion on married priests,

i. 198

Buccer insists on priestly marriage, ii.
72, note

Buchanan, David, on Langlande, ii. 78,
note

Buddha, reduces Sankhyism to religious
system, i. 6-7; supposed virgin birth
of, i. 22

Buddhism, many observances of Latin
Christianity derived from, i. 23; mo-
nastic orders of, i. 101-2

Bulgaria, Manichæism transmitted
through, i. 244, 459

Bulgarian Church, rules for, i. 161
Bull, Pius III., suppressed, ii. 185
Bull, papal, Exsurge Domine, ii. 40; In-
junctum nobis, ii. 131; Ad canonum,
ii. 174, note; Quenadmordum sollicitus,
ii. 229, note; Cum sicut nuper, ii. 258,
note; Universi Dominici Gregis, ii. 264;
Sacramentum Pœnitentia, ii. 267, 275,
357; Etsi pastoralis, ii. 275, note;
Apostolicæ sedis, ii. 277; Dominicus
ac Redemptor, ii. 335; In cœna Do-
mine, ii. 355

Burchardi Decretorum, ii. 251, note
Burchard, master of ceremonies to Alex-
ander VI., i. 429

Burckhardt of Worms on celibacy, i. 206
Burdino, Maurice, anti-pope, i. 385
Bure, Idelette de, wife of Calvin, ii. 151
Burghley tries to restrain Queen Eliza-
beth, ii. 143

Burgos, Council of, in 1080, i. 372
Burial, Christian, denied to married

priests, i. 225; to concubines, i. 380
Burmah, number of "lamas" in, i. 103
Burnet, Bishop, on English monasteries
ii. 90, 98, 99; on date of Beggars' Peti-
tion, ii. 91, note; on matrimonialists
under Edward VI., ii. 118; on Anglican
doctrine and worship under Edward
VI., ii. 121; on Articles of English
Church, ii. 140, note

Burning alive threatened for married
priests in 1524, ii. 48
Bussy-Rabutin, ii. 242

Butler, John, on priestly marriage, ii.
109, note

CABASSUT on apostolic canons, i. 41, note
Cadalus, elected anti-pope, i. 235; party
of, broken up, i. 237

Cadam, transaction of, in 1553, ii. 69-70
Cadiz, Cortes of, in 1813, ii. 336
Cæsarea, synod at, i. 58

Cæsarius, St., of Arles, on marriage of
nuns, i. 123; rule of, i. 125

Cæsarius of Heisterbach, on influence of
priesthood, i. 431; on priestly "solici-
tation," ii. 276

Caietano, Cardinal, at Diet of Augsburg,
ii. 46

Cain Patraic, i. 360

Caisho, priest of, ii. 134, note

Calixtus I., Hippolytus enumerates evil
ways of, i. 25

Calixtus II., enforces celibacy in France,
i. 323; scanty success of, i. 385; lines
written on, i. 349; sermon of, on abuse
of confessional, ii. 253; declares mar-
riage dissolved by orders, i. 385-6
Calixtus, work on celibacy by, ii. 300
Calne, Council of, in 978, i. 198
Calvi, Donato, on religious orders, i. 104-
5, note

Calvin, Confession of Faith, ii. 151; mar-
riage of, ii. 151
Calvinism, ii. 150-170

Calvinists, marriage of, ii. 152; dispute
with Lutherans and Philippists, ii. 225,
note; marriage of Calvinist woman to
priest, ii. 238

Calvo, Fray Francisco, denounces him-
self for improper flagellation, ii. 279
Camaldoli, monks of, i. 213; demoralisa-
tion of, ii. 8

Cambrai, Manichæism at, in 1025, i. 244;
man burned at, for Hildebrandine
doctrine, i. 282, 312; neglects to adopt
Augsburg Formulary, ii. 191; Council
of, in 1300, ii. 244; 1550, ii. 191; 1565,
ii. 239; 1661, ii. 273

Camin, synod of, in 1454, ii. 20, note
Campeggi, Cardinal, persecutes married
priests, ii. 48; sent to Germany to
check heresy, ii. 57; co-legate in Queen
Katherine's divorce, ii. 83; assists in
suppression of monasteries, ii. 83
Canonical age for women resident with
priests, ii. 186

Canons, apostolical (see Apostolical)
Canons, regular, institution of, i. 152; of
Fécamp, expulsion of, i. 179, note; dis-
cussion on marriage of, i. 317; forced
to cloistered life, i. 319; marriage of,
in twelfth century, i. 326; hereditary in
England, i. 330; replace Culdees in
Scotland, i. 367; laxity of rule of, i.
375-6; demoralisation of, in fifteenth
century, ii. 15; unclerical habits of
German, in fourteenth century, i. 422,
note; morals of, in Brunswick in 1476,
ii. 18; Gardiner ordered to eject from
Westminster, ii. 126, note
Canterbury, Christ Church, in eleventh
century, i. 199; number of married
clergy in archdeaconry of, ii. 139, note
"Capacities" given to ejected monks, ii.
93

Capito, Wolfgang Fabricius, persecutes
married priests, ii. 43; is married, ii.
48

Caprara, Cardinal, legate, on married
priests, ii. 316

Capua, Council of, in 389, i. 68
Caraffa, Cardinal, becomes Pope, ii. 131;
head of commission for reform, ii. 183
Cardinalate, childlessness requisite for,
ii. 227

Cardinal's College, Ipswich, Wolsey's
foundation, ii. 83

Cardinal's College, Oxford, Wolsey's
foundation, ii. 82

Carloman seeks aid of Church, i. 144;
endeavours to reform Church, i. 148;
enters monastery of Monte Casino, i.
151

Carlostadt, advocates priestly marriage,
ii. 43; treatise of, ii. 43
Carlovingians, the, i. 141-63
Carmelites, miraculous scapular of, i.
415; Franciscan attacks in "Creed of
Piers Ploughman," i. 439, note

Carmelite convents, male and female, at
Rome, with underground communica-
tion, ii, 305

Carnarvonshire, complaint regarding
priests in, ii. 16-17

Carpocrates, heresy of, i. 20

Carracioli, Bishop of Troyes, married, ii.
152, note

Carranza, Archbishop of Toledo, on
"solicitation," ii. 255

Carterius, Bishop, case of, i. 26
Carthage, Council of, in 348, i. 109; third
and fourth Councils, in 397 and 398, i.
74; fifth Council of, in 401, i. 75
Carthusian asceticism, i. 448
Carthusians of London resist Henry VIII.,
ii. 85-6

Cashel, Archbishop, interrogates Clement
III. on children of bishops, i. 363
Cashel, Council of, in 1171, i. 364
Cassander, George, advocates priestly
marriage, ii. 210

Cassation, Court of, ii. 322, 324
Cassianus, heretical views of, i. 20

Cassianus, John, abbot of St. Victor,
Marseilles, i. 122

Cassiodorus relates story of Paphnutius,
i. 52

Caste, priestly, hereditary transmission
would create, i. 347

Castel-Fuerte, Marques del, ii. 248
Castillo y Ayensa, ii. 336, note
Castration of Galli, i. 42
Casuistry, applied to "solicitation," ii.
263, 271; effect of, on morality, ii.
276
Catalini, work on Congregation of Index,
ii, 184, note

Catarini, Cardinal, president of Consulta,
canons and discipline, Vatican
Council, ii. 328

on

Catarino, Ambrogio, controversy with
Luther, ii. 41