1890.]

[Gatschet.

until his death, which must have occurred about 1827. He has the merit of introducing vaccination upon that island, and there are people living now who were vaccinated by him. He was also appointed to judicial charges.

Simultaneously with Mr. Clinch, a Beothuk Indian stayed in that town, known as John August. Tradition states that he was taken from his mother when a child and brought up by a colonist, Jeffrey G. Street. He then remained in Street's house as a faithful and intelligent servant, and when arrived at manhood was entrusted with the command of a fishing smack manned by whites. Frequently he obtained leave to go into the country, where he probably communicated with his tribe. The parish register of Trinity records his interment there on October 29, 1788.

As there is no other Beothuk Indian known to have resided among white people of Newfoundland at that time, it is generally supposed that Mr. Clinch, who lived there since 1783, obtained his collection from none else but from John August. The selection of words differs greatly from that in Leigh's vocabulary, but the identity of a few terms, which are quite specific, as hiccups, shaking hands, warming yourself, induces Mr. Howley to believe that he had Clinch's vocabulary before him. One item in Clinch's list, "Ou-bee: her own name," seems to indicate that it was obtained from a female. Indeed, in 1803, a Beothuk woman was captured, presented to Governor Gambier, and subsequently sent back to her tribe. Mrs. Edith Blake, in her article, "The Beothuks," gives a description of her and of her presence at a social meeting at the Governor's house, at St. John's.

I have obtained a copy of the printed vocabulary through Mr. Howley. It was full of typographic errors, and these were corrected by him with the aid of a copy made of the original at Trinity by Mrs. Edith Blake, who took the greatest pains to secure accuracy. The "Record Book" states that Rev. Clinch obtained the vocabulary in Governor Waldegraves' time, and the volume which contains it embodies documents of the year 1800; this date would form an argument against the supposition, that it was obtained from the female captured in 1803. Below I have reproduced all the terms of this vocabulary, as it surpasses all the others in priority, though perhaps not in accuracy. The words are all syllabicated, but none of them shows accentuation marks; I have printed most of them in their syllabicated form.

Capt. Robinson has consulted and partly copied the Clinch vocabulary, as will be readily seen by a comparison of the terms in both.

PROC. AMER. PHILOS. SOC. XXVIII. 132. B.

PRINTED FEB. 12, 1890.

THE THREE VOCABULARIES COMBINED.

Abbreviations.-CM.: The W. E. Cormack vocabulary from a Montreal copy of the manuscript.

Words in parentheses contain the transcription of vocables into my scientific alphabet.

chee-a-shit groaning; cheasít, CM.

adayook eight; ee-adajook eighteen, chee-thing a walking stick.

atho-onut twenty; adjeich atho-onut dogemat or ashoog-ing (Howley:

bashedtheek six; ee beshedtheek drúmmet, drúm-mět (drú't), hair,

bay-sot, băzot, besot, besut, to walk, ebauthoo water; ebanthoo, CM.

giwashuwet bear, CM.

gosset stockings; gasaek, CM.
gothieget ticklas, CM.
goun chin, CM.

gun or guen nose, CM.

hadda-bothy body.

hadibiet glass, CM.

hados-do ding sitting.

hanamait spoon.

mamegemethin shoulders, CM.; momezabethon shoulder. mammadronitan lord bird, CM. mammasamít dog, J. (mammasavít is incorrect); mammasareet, mamoosernit dog, CM. (reet false for mit).

mamoosemich puppy, CM.

manarooit blanket, CM.

han-nan a spear; first letter uncer- mangaronish; see kuis.

tain.

ha the-may a bow.

hedy-yan stooping.

hods-mishit knee.

hod-thoo to shoot.

hod-witch fool.

hurreen and huz-seen a gun. huzza-gan rowing.

ii-be-ath yawning.

io-ush-zath stars (doubtful).

manjebathook beard (on page 421 :

bread, which is probably false; see annawhadya), CM. mau-the-au-thaw crying; cf. su-authou.

memajet anus, CM. (false for arms). memet hand, CM.; memen (obj.

case) hands and fingers; meman momasthus shaking hands. me-ma-za tongue.

is-shu, izhu, ishu (i'zhu), make haste, menome dogberries.

J.

ite-ween thigh.

me-roo-pish twine, thread.
midy-u theu sneezing.

jib-e thun (or, iib e-thun) a trap or gin. mithie coal.

jigganisut gooseberry, CM.

yamyess; see amshut.

yaseek one; ee-yagiesk eleven, CM.

mi-a-woth flying; meaoth flying, CM. mis muth ear.

moadamutt to boil, as dinner, CM.
mom-au a seal.

mome-augh eyebrow.
moocus elbow.

moosin and gei-je-bursūt ankle, CM.
mowgeenúck, mougenuk (maud-
shinúk), iron, J.; mowageene
iron.

mudy-rau hiccups.

mud-ty bad (dirty); mudeet bad (of character).

mush-a-bauth oakum or tow.

THE THREE VOCABULARIES COMBINED,

Abbreviations.-CM.: The W. E. Cormack vocabulary fro copy of the manuscript.

J. The Jure vocabulary.

No letter: The Clinch vocabulary.

Words in parentheses contain the transcription of voc

scientific alphabet.

abenick gaping, CM.

abideeshook domestic cat, CM.

abus-thib-e kneeling.

buggishamí-h bog,

white boy, CM

chee-a-shit groan

adayook eight; ee-adajook eighteen, chee-thing a wa

REMARKS ON SINGLE TERMS.

muth occurs so frequently that we may have to consider it In the derivation of substantives; thus we have, e. g., izzoh-bauth catching fish, mushabauth oakum, tow.

man, emamoset child, girl, resemble strongly the followterms: amemens child in Lenape (Barton), amosens irginian (Strachey, Vocab., p. 183). Ama'ma is mother in Inuit.

occurs but four times in the words which have come to our tek, lathun, messiliget-hook, nadalahet. In view of the andwriting in which all of these vocabularies have reached us, Ted to doubt its existence in the language. dogberries is a derivative of manus berries.

mamoose whortle

b. is perhaps misspelt for manoose. Cf. min grain, fruit, Eastern Algonkin dialects.

zrook, ice; E. Petitot renders the Montagnais (Tinné) ezogè e blanche" (frost), t'en-zure by "glace vive." The resemth the Beothuk word seems only fortuitous.

raut fish is identical with bobboosoret codfish (or bacalaos,

ating; the latter probably misspelt for beating.

umb, CM., is misspelling of it weena, which means thigh, not

ethnologic and linguistic facts embodied in this "Third Artinot alter in the least the general results which I deduced from revious articles and specified in "Proceedings" of 1886, pp. 426 On the contrary, they corroborate them intrinsically and would by themselves be sufficient to prove that the Beothuk race and re were entirely sui generis. By the list contained in this "Third "the number of Beothuk vocables known to us is brought up to undred and eighty, which is much more than we know of the maof other American languages and dialects.

e violent hatred and contempt which the Beothuks nourished against ne races in their vicinity seems to testify by itself to a radical difference ween these and the Algonkin tribes. The fact that we know of no other es of the Beothuk people than Newfoundland, does not entitle us to conture, that they were once driven from the mainland opposite and settled - refugees upon the shores of that vast island. It is more probable that is race anciently inhabited a part of the mainland simultaneously with e island, which would presuppose that the Beothuks were then more populous than in the historic period. Numerous causes may account for the fact that we do not notice them elsewhere since the beginning of the sixteenth century: fragmentary condition of our historic knowledge,