place to place and selling copies of the "Luokkataistelu,” leaflets, and booklets; organizing small groups of workmen and in general stirring up discontent. This is illustrated by a letter written by Carl Paivio on July 28th, to Gust Alonen in New York City, a translation of an excerpt from this letter being as follows: "And Ben is going to make a trip in the fall, in the mining villages of Utah and Wyoming, and he is going to sell on that trip the 'K. H.' (meaning 'From Trench to the Grave,' a new book to be published by William Risto). The 'V. S..' (meaning 'Revolutionary Syndicalism,' a book by the same author), and 'Luokkataistelu.'' A letter from one Ben Harkonen, written from Salt Lake City, Utah, dated May 16, 1919, to Carl Paivio in New York City, contains the following: "I received your letter dated the 11th of this month and trust that you will succeed with the Class Struggle,' 'Luokkataistelu,' as well as before, which is a good thing because the longing for 'Luokkataistelu' seems to spread all over the country. I got a letter from my brother in Red Lodge, Montana. He wrote that 'Luokkataistelu' is selling there as I received also those ten copies of 'LuokThe union secretary has now four copies. I took them over. When the boys happen to go there he can before. sell them. during the summer. I am going to cover all mining camps I have also thought that maybe I will be able to go in the fall to the coal districts in Wyoming, Diamondville and Cumberland." Another letter undated written by Carl Paivio in Detroit to Gust Alonen states that 150 copies of "Luokkataistelu" " may be sent here to be sold when it appears." He also states that "Up to now I have sold here 15 copies of the 'Revolutionary Syndicalism.' Further on in the letter he states, "Ben is going to make little trips into the mining states, likewise Miettinen; Risto is going to go to the central states and will have to do the same in the East. I thought you should cover Ohio, Pennsylvania, Massachusetts and Maine, and take along the 'Revolutionary Syndicalism, 'From Trench to the Grave,' and the Class Struggle,' and other small books, if they are in." The literary agent of this group appears to have been a man by the name of William Risto, author of a book called "Revolutionary Syndicalism" and "From Trench to the Grave." In an advance advertisement of the "Revolutionary Syndicalism" Mr. Risto himself states: "The 'Revolutionary Syndicalism' is anti-patriotic. 'Revolutionary Syndicalism' is antinationality. It is anti-militaristic, and it is anti-parliamentary. It is against the private property," etc. The backers of this book are the same group as those who financed the "Luokkataistelu." Those particularly engaged in collecting of money for the printing of this book are Vaino Tikka, Otto Hulitella, Carl Paivio, Olga Savolannin, Gust Alonen, Ida Aho, and Elmer Wirta. Chapter SUB-SECTION III REVOLUTIONARY INDUSTRIAL UNIONISM INTRODUCTION I. Industrial Workers of the World..... VI. Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America. VIII. International Ladies' Garment Workers Union.. [871] 883 907 916 931 934 942 951 958 960 SUB-SECTION III REVOLUTIONARY INDUSTRIAL UNIONISM INTRODUCTION In the preceding chapters dealing with the Socialist and anarchist movements in America a brief outline has been given of the principles and objects of various groups masquerading as political parties which seek the overthrow of the present political system as well as the establishment of a new social order. The succeeding chapters deal with the fruit of the propaganda carried on by such organizations. Although the political and economic theories taught by the Socialists, Communists and anarchists are the product of intellectuals, they have been carried to the working masses by the constant dissemination of propaganda which has spread a spirit of revolt in the ranks of labor, not only against the present social system and organized government, but also against the conservative and constructive organizations of labor. The movement thus created in the ranks of labor has been given many titles. In England it is known as syndicalism; in France as revolutionary syndicalism, while in the United States it has come to be known as industrial unionism. The object of the movement is to break up the system of craft or trade unions, and to organize workers into One Big Union having subdivisions along the lines of industry, rather than those of trade. The success of this movement is indicated in the following chapters of this sub-section. The organizations thus created carry on their propaganda in co-operation with the propaganda of the so-called political organizations above referred to, the purpose of which is to create class consciousness, to stimulate in and among the workers the idea that they alone count in the social order; that only among the toiling masses is found the knowledge and ideals which can reconstruct society. An intense hatred for all other classes of society is encouraged, and the workers are urged to accentuate what is known as the class struggle. The purpose of this propaganda is to cultivate among workers, first, the desire, and then the will to seize industry, |