Public FinanceMacmillan, 1892 - 672 стор. |
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Загальні терміни та фрази
action Adam Smith administration advantage agencies amount applied budget capital cent central charge Cobden Club Cohn commodities connexion considerable cost debt difficulty direct taxation distribution division doctrine domain duties economic effect England English estimate existence expenses fact favour fees financial system France French funds gain German important income tax increase indirect individual industry interest J. S. Mill juristic person justice labour laissez faire land tax latter Léon Say levied limited ment method mode modern natural necessary object obtained outlay particular Physiocrats political position practical present principles problem production profit progressive progressive taxation proportion public expenditure Public Finance public revenue question railways receipts regarded rent result Roscher single tax social society supply tendency theory tion United Kingdom Wagner Wealth of Nations writers
Популярні уривки
Сторінка 45 - ... the duty of protecting the society from the violence and invasion of other independent societies; secondly, the duty of protecting, as far as possible, every member of the society from the injustice or oppression of every other member of...
Сторінка 373 - The tax which each individual is bound to pay ought to be certain and not arbitrary. The time of payment, the manner of payment, the quantity to be paid, ought all to be clear and plain to the contributor, and to every other person.
Сторінка 266 - Every tax ought to be so contrived as both to take out and to keep out of the pockets of the people as Little as possible, over and above what it brings into the public treasury of the state.
Сторінка 250 - A direct tax is one which is demanded from the very persons who, it is intended or desired, should pay it. Indirect taxes are those which are demanded from one person in the expectation and intention that he shall indemnify himself at the expense of another: such as the excise or customs.
Сторінка 373 - The subjects of every state ought to contribute towards the support of the government, as nearly as possible, in proportion to their respective abilities ; that is, in proportion to the revenue which they respectively enjoy under the protection of the state.
Сторінка 7 - Political economy, considered as a branch of the science of a statesman or legislator, proposes two distinct objects : first, to provide a plentiful revenue or subsistence for the people, or, more properly, to enable them to provide such a revenue or subsistence for themselves ; and secondly, to supply the state or commonwealth with a revenue sufficient for the public services.
Сторінка 580 - Here it is sufficient to say that the prophets of evil were under a double delusion. They erroneously imagined that there was an exact analogy between the case of an individual who is in debt to another individual and the case of a society which is in debt to a part of itself; and this analogy led them into endless mistakes about the effect of the system of funding.
Сторінка 109 - Goschen has employed in another connection: " a chaos as regards authorities, a chaos as regards rates and a worse chaos than all as regards areas.
Сторінка 46 - ... first, the duty of protecting the society from the violence and invasion of other independent societies; secondly, the duty of protecting, as far as possible, every member of the society from the injustice or oppression of every other member of it, or the duty of establishing an exact administration of justice; and, thirdly, the duty of erecting and maintaining certain public works, and certain public institutions, which it can never be for the interest of any individual, or small number of individuals...
Сторінка 580 - A long experience justifies us in believing that England may, in the twentieth century, be better able to pay a debt of sixteen hundred millions than she is at the present time to bear her present load.