therefore turned his attention to the making a most valuable crest to place over the shrine of the glorious martyr Edmund, that there his ornament should be placed from whence it could by no possibility be abstracted, and where no human being would dare to put his hand. For example, King Richard being captive in Germany, there was no treasure in England but was either to be given up or redeemed, but yet the shrine of St. Edmund remained untouched. Now it became a question before the Justices of the Exchequer, whether the shrine of St. Edmund should not, at least in part, be stripped for the redemption of the King Richard; but the Abbot standing up, answered, "Know ye of a surety, that this never shall be done by me, nor is there a man who can so compel me that I should consent. But I will open the doors of the church, let him enter who will, let him approach who dare." Each of the Justices replied with oaths, "I will not venture to approach it. Nor will I. St. Edmund grievously punishes those who are far off as well as those who are near at hand; how much the more so will he inflict vengeance upon those who will take away his vesture!" Upon this neither was the shrine despoiled nor redemption paid. Therefore passing by other things, the Abbot carefully and advisedly turned his mind towards the making of a crest for the shrine. And now the plates of gold and silver resound between the hammer and the anvil, and tractant fabrilia fabri (the workmen mind their work).

CORONATION OF ANNE BOLEYN; AS QUEEN OF HENRY VIII.

"letter of news

" written by

[ARCHBISHOP CRANMER, in a him to Hawkyns, Archdeacon of Ely, (who had succeeded Cranmer as Ambassador at the Court of the Emperor, Charles V.,) gives him an account of the pomps and festivities connected with the coronation of poor Anne Boleyn. Well may we thus speak of her. On the 1st of June, 1533, she was crowned the wife of England's King; coming from

* Crista, "crest; any carved work or imagery to adorn the head or top of any wainscot, &c.-Cowell's Interpreter.

Greenwich, then a royal residence, to the Tower, whence she was to proceed to Westminster Abbey that the queenly diadem might be placed on her head. Three years subsequently, (May, 1536,) she again went to the Tower; but as a prisoner, from whom her monster of a husband wished to be freed, and who left her gloomy prison-room, not for the platform where she was to be crowned, but for the scaffold, where she was beheaded. At Richmond, on an eminence in its royal park whence London may be seen, stood the man who had gratified himself by sending her to the Tower in order to her coronation, looking towards London, waiting to see the signal which told him that the sacrifice of the victim, everyway of his passions, was completed.

But what has the infamy of the character of Henry to do with the character of the Reformation? He was not its author. He used it as an instrument of state, and to further his own personal passions. What then? If the system is bad because the man using it is bad, what was Popery a little before, when the priestly father of Cæsar Borgia, and other Borgias, was Pope; a man compared with whom even Henry VIII. seems somewhat less criminal? Henry used the Reformation; but Popery chose the more ferocious, more sensual Alexander to be her head and director. Henry took up the Reformation, because for the time he could serve himself by it; but its goodness or badness was independent of him, and to be decided by other rules of judgment. It was no more proved bad by his employment of it sometimes, than it was proved good by the amiableness and purity of the character of his son, Edward VI. But not so with Popery. Just before, she had chosen Borgia, and thus identified herself with him. From Henry to the Reformation we cannot reason; from Popery to Borgia, a far worse monster, we both may and ought.

But systems ought to be judged as they are in themselves and their operations. We would not condemn Popery even for Borgia, had not the fact, that Popery chose Borgia been a true illustration of its character. Whereas, that Henry VIII. availed himself of the Reformation, though it may prove that Henry was artful, proves not that the Reformation was unsound.-ED. Y. 1.]

THE Thursday next before the feast of Pentecost, the King and the Queen being at Grenewich, all the crafts of London thereunto well appointed, in several barges decked after the most gorgeous and sumptuous manner, with divers pageants thereunto belonging, repaired and waited all together upon the Mayor of London; and so well furnished came all unto Grenewich, where they tarried and waited the Queen's coming to her barge which so done, they brought her unto the Tower; trumpets, shambes, and other divers instruments all the ways playing and making great melody, which, as is reported, saw so comely done, as never was like in any time nigh to our remembrance.

:

And so her Grace came to the Tower on Thursday at night, about five of the clock, where also was such a peal of guns as hath not been heard like a great while before. And the same night, and Friday all day, the King and Queen tarried there ; and on Friday at night the King's Grace made eighteen Knights of the Bath, whose creation was not alonely so strange to hear of, as also their garments stranger to behold or look on, which said Knights the next day, which was Saturday, rid before the Queen's Grace throughout the city of London towards Westminster palace, over and besides the most part of the nobles of the realm, which like accompanied her Grace throughout the said city; she sitting in her hair upon a horse-litter, richly apparelled, and four Knights of the five ports bearing a canopy over her head. And after her came four rich chariots, one of them empty, and three other furnished with divers ancient old ladies; and after them came a great train of other ladies and gentlewomen: which said progress, from the beginning to the ending, extended half a mile in length by estimation, or thereabout. To whom also, as she came along the city, was showed many costly pageants, with divers others encomies spoken of children to her. Wine also running at certain conduits plentifully. And so proceeding throughout the streets, passed forth unto Westminster-Hall, where was a certain banquet prepared for her; which done, she was conveyed out of the backside of the palace into a barge, and so unto York-place, where the King's Grace was before her coming: for this you must ever pre

suppose, that his Grace came always before her secretly in a barge, as well from Grenewich to the Tower, as from the Tower to York-place.

Now then on Sunday was the coronation, which also was of such a manner. In the morning there assembled with me at Westminster church the Bishop of York, the Bishop of London, the Bishop of Winchester, the Bishop of Lincoln, the Bishop of Bath, and the Bishop of St. Asse; the Abbot of Westminster, with ten or twelve more Abbots; which all revestred ourselves in our pontificalibus, and so furnished with our crosses and croziers, proceeded out of the Abbey in a procession unto Westminster-Hall, where we received the Queen, apparelled in a robe of purple velvet, and all the ladies and gentlewomen in robes and gowns of scarlet, according to the manner used before-time in such business: and so her Grace, sustained of each side with two Bishops, the Bishop of London and the Bishop of Winchester, came forth in procession unto the church of Westminster, she in her hair, my Lord of Suffolk bearing before her the crown, and two other Lords bearing also before her a sceptre and a white rod, and so entered up into the high altar, where divers ceremonies used about her, I did set the crown on her head, and then was sung Te Deum, &c. And after that was sung a solemn mass; all which while her Grace sat crowned upon a scaffold, which was made between the high altar and the choir in Westminster church; which mass and ceremonies done and finished, all the assembly of noblemen brought her into Westminster-Hall again, where was kept a great solemn feast all that day; the good order thereof were too long to write at this time to you. — Cranmer's Remains and Letters. Parker Society Edition.

AN ARGUMENT A PRIORI TO PROVE THE
UNITY AND PERFECTIONS OF GOD.

BY THE REV. MOSES LOWMAN.

[WE now proceed to furnish the reader with the Tract of which we spoke last month, (p. 166,) and which we hope to include in about five Numbers. We recommend those who read it at all, (and we hope there will be many who read it,)

214 ARGUMENT TO PROVE THE UNITY AND PERFECTIONS OF GOD.

not only to read it carefully, thoughtfully, but also, as a consecutive argument, in which one point is proved at a time; and then, on this proved point, the next argument is founded and proved, and so on, to the end. Or, to use another figure, one ring, if the chain is forged, and fixed to the staple, then another ring is fixed to the first, then a third to the second, and so on to the end. If each ring is sound in itself, and well fastened to the preceding one, it will follow that the entire chain is sound, and the final conclusion undeniable. The references, therefore, to Definitions, &c., must have close attention. For our own part, so far as such arguments are really valuable, we think the one we are now bringing before our readers, quite irrefragable. It has the full force of a mathematical demonstration. As only one portion comes at a time, that portion may have given to it a whole month's consideration.-ED. Y. I.]

DEFINITIONS.

1. An Argument a priori, is what proves the Attributes, the secondary qualities, or effects of Beings, from their Natures, primary qualities, or definitions.

2. An Argument a posteriori, is what proves the primary qualities, or Natures of things, from their effects or secondary qualities.

3. Possible Existence is what may be, or whose Existence is not an Impossibility or contradiction.

4. Necessary Existence is what must be, and cannot but be; or such Existence as arises from the Nature of the thing itself.

5. Contingent Existence is such as may be, or may not be. AXIOMS.

1. All Effects must have a Cause.

2. Every Thing is where it acts.

3. Nothing has no Affections, or Attributes.

PROPOSITIONS.

I. Existence is possible.

That Existence is possible, which does not include a contradiction by Definition Third.