Life on the Earth: Its Origin and SuccessionMacmillan and Company, 1860 - 224 стор. |
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Сторінка 6
... vegetable races would languish and become unproductive1 . Without supposing oxygen or the other elements to be entirely absent , any material change in their relative quantity must greatly affect the relative abundance of different ...
... vegetable races would languish and become unproductive1 . Without supposing oxygen or the other elements to be entirely absent , any material change in their relative quantity must greatly affect the relative abundance of different ...
Сторінка 7
... vegetable forms , including many ferns , in the old carboniferous de- posits , may have been favoured in their amazing growth , not only by high temperature and humid atmosphere , but by a greater proportion of carbonic acid in the air ...
... vegetable forms , including many ferns , in the old carboniferous de- posits , may have been favoured in their amazing growth , not only by high temperature and humid atmosphere , but by a greater proportion of carbonic acid in the air ...
Сторінка 14
... vegetable life expire1 . The same succession of plants is found in ascend- ing the lofty mountains of the equatorial zone , as Chimborazo in South America , and Popocatepetl in North America , whose summits have the polar climates , and ...
... vegetable life expire1 . The same succession of plants is found in ascend- ing the lofty mountains of the equatorial zone , as Chimborazo in South America , and Popocatepetl in North America , whose summits have the polar climates , and ...
Сторінка 14
... and it is believed that at 300 fathoms life is extinct . If we consider that at and near the surface of the sea all the influences favourable to both vegetable -62 -68 -44 -50 56 -320 16000 38 Mean Temperatures 16 LIFE ON THE EARTH .
... and it is believed that at 300 fathoms life is extinct . If we consider that at and near the surface of the sea all the influences favourable to both vegetable -62 -68 -44 -50 56 -320 16000 38 Mean Temperatures 16 LIFE ON THE EARTH .
Сторінка 28
... vegetable and animal structure which have been mentioned , naturalists find it convenient to adopt many classes , orders , families , genera , species and varieties . These are not so set- tled in any case as to be altogether free from ...
... vegetable and animal structure which have been mentioned , naturalists find it convenient to adopt many classes , orders , families , genera , species and varieties . These are not so set- tled in any case as to be altogether free from ...
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Загальні терміни та фрази
abundance affinity ages Ammonites Amorphozoa ancient Annelida antiquity appear atmosphere beds Brachiopoda British Carbon Carboniferous Cenozoic Cenozoic Strata Cephalopoda Cetacea Chalk character classes climate Coal creation Cretaceous Crocodilia Crustacea deposits Devonian Dimyaria distribution earlier earliest earth Echinodermata effect Eocene epoch equal examples existing favourable Fishes forms fossil freshwater Gasteropoda genera genus geological geological periods globe Goniatites groups heat hypothesis idea Insects Invertebrata land Lias limestone limited Lingula living Llandeilo Lower Palæozoic Mammalia marine mean temperature Mesozoic Mesozoic Period modern Oceans Mollusca Monomyaria naturalists nature number of species occur Oolitic organic origin Palæontology Paleozoic Strata perhaps Permian phenomena plants and animals Pleiocene Polyzoa prevalent races radiation recent regard remarkable represented Reptiles rivers rocks sediments shale shells shew Silurian Stonesfield structure succession suppose surface Teleosaurus Tertiary Strata thickness tion traced Uniformitarian Upper variations variety vegetable Vertebrata whole zone Zoophyta دو
Популярні уривки
Сторінка 194 - As all the living forms of life are the lineal descendants of those which lived long before the Cambrian epoch, we may feel certain that the ordinary succession by generation has never once been broken, and that no cataclysm has desolated the whole world.
Сторінка 195 - There is grandeur in this view of life, with its several powers, having been originally breathed by the Creator into a few forms or into one; and that, whilst this planet has gone cycling on according to the fixed law of gravity, from so simple a beginning endless forms most beautiful and most wonderful have been, and are being evolved.
Сторінка 194 - Therefore I should infer from analogy that probably all the organic beings which have ever lived on this earth, have descended from some one primordial form, into which life was first breathed.
Сторінка 193 - I formerly entertained, namely, that each species has been independently created, is erroneous. I am fully convinced that species are not immutable; but that those belonging to what are called the same genera are lineal descendants of some other and generally extinct species, in the same manner as the acknowledged varieties of any one species are the descendants of that species. Furthermore, I am convinced that Natural Selection has been the main, but not exclusive, means of modification.
Сторінка 193 - I cannot doubt that the theory of descent with modification embraces all the members of the same great class or kingdom. I believe that animals are descended from at most only four or five progenitors, and plants from an equal or lesser number.
Сторінка 195 - It is interesting to contemplate an entangled bank, clothed with many plants of many kinds, with birds singing on the bushes, with various insects flitting about, and with worms crawling through the damp earth...
Сторінка 194 - Nevertheless all living things have much in common, in their chemical composition, their cellular structure, their laws of growth, and their liability to injurious influences.
Сторінка 178 - The intermixture of distinct species is guarded against by the aversion of the individuals composing them to sexual union, or by the sterility of the mule offspring. It does not appear that true hybrid races have ever been perpetuated for several generations, even by the assistance of man; for the cases usually cited relate to the crossing of mules with individuals of pure species, and not to the intermixture of hybrid with hybrid.
Сторінка 195 - Thus, from the war of nature, from famine and death, the most exalted object which we are capable of conceiving, namely the production of the higher animals, directly follows. There is grandeur in this view of life...
Сторінка 192 - I can entertain no doubt, after the most deliberate study and dispassionate judgment of which I am capable, that the view which most naturalists until recently entertained, and which I formerly entertained, namely, that each species has been independently created, is erroneous. I am fully convinced that species are not immutable...