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THE REPORT of the Commisioner of Education for 1877 bas just been received. It ehows the income for all the states and territories (Wyoming not included) to be $86,866,166. The expenditures (Wyoming included), $30,233,458. The school population for 38 states and nine territories is fixed at 14,227,748. The annual expense per capita for public school pupils ranges from $1.39 in North Carolina to $35 76 in the Cherokee tribe, Indian Territory. The number of normal schools reporter is 152, baving 1,189 instructors, 37,072 pupils, and 3,763 graduates, of which number 1,874 are engaged in teachiog. Ohio reports the greatest number of normal schools, namely, 14. The largest appropriation to a normal sc pol was that of $95,000, made to the New York City Normal College by the city. The bequesis made to educational institutions for the year were $3,000,000, of wbich institu. tions for the superior instruction of women received $163,976. The average of salaries paid to public school teachers in the district of Columbia for men was $96.17, for women, $71.21 per month, giving a higher mean than that reported for any othe: part of the country except Nevada.

NEARLY two years ago Governor Robinson, of New York, in a message to the legislature, made a foolish attack upon public high schools, and particularly upon the State Nermal schools. Everybody knows how happy this made the enemies of public education everywhere. No notice seems to have been taken by the legislature of what the governor said about high schools, which were supported by local money. But the normal schools were receiving from the state treasury about $140,000 annually, and in addition to this the city of New York was expending nearly $100,000 a year on ber great normal college. Hence the legislature appointed a committee of nine to give a thorough examination and report to the next legislature whether these schools were successfully fulfilling the design of their creation, and whether any legislation was required. After considering the subject more than a year, the committee made a most

intelligent report of forty-eight printed pages, wh!ch sustains the schools, and pronounces them a neceesity. The report is really a fine argument in favor of normal education, as well as a testimony in favor of the New York normal schools. Thus, as is usual in such cases, Governor Robinson's attack only strengthened the schools attacked.

The Medico Legal Society of New York has issued a report on School Hygiene which has more than a local interest. Some time ago this society appointed a committee, consisting of well known physicians, to investigate the health questions connected with the public. The committee find that during the vacation months there is a marked decline in the death rate from scarlet fever, but as soon as the schools open the disease increases its ravages. The Chairman of the Health Committee of the Brooklyn Board of Education remarks that over 3,000 children disappear from the time of entering the lowest grade to that of promotion to the next, and assigas the loss to the unsan. tary condition of the schools. In many of our own schools, more in the country than in the cities, the want of ventilation is plainly appar* ent to any one entering them from the fresh out-coor atmosphere. The class-rooms are fre. qnently crowded with children, many of whom, either in person or clothing, are not over cleanly; the windows are kept closed to prevent & draught, and a large stove, the exhalations from the children's persons, and the carbon from their breath quickly convert the air of the room into a most subtile poison, and it is no wonder that delicate children exposed to such an atmosphere day after day, did, and the teachers become delicate and bave to resign or wearily drag on, incapable of giving their best energy to their work.

The question of ventilation is beset with difficulty, and to obtain absolutely pure air in a crowded room with our present architectural knowledge appears almost impossible. But the existence of these difficulties, instead of being a reason for culpable supineness on the part of school boards, ought to be an incentive to extra exertion.

MAP OF WISCONSIN. The New Map of Wisconsin, prepared by Nicodemus & Conover, and purchased by the State for the use of Schools and Public Offices, will hereafter show the NEW COUNTIES of the State.

The Price is $4, in Advance. Blank applications furnished on request.

Address The STATE SUPERIN. ENDENT.

Madison, Wisconsin.

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For use in Primary Schools, based upon a course of conversational picture-lessons, the results of which are to be written in the pages of the book;

AND

Letters and Lessons in Language,

in two series of four numbers each.

Which continues the course in Grammar Schools, creating occasion for the natural use of language forms, without anticipating the study of grammar, before it can be profitably taken.

The Series combines the advantages of both oral and text-book instruction.

Words are treated as concrete and pictorial terms, illustration taking for the most part the place commonly given to definition.

The pupil is taught by what he does, making steps of his own, which, being expressed in written form, remain to be retraced at will. The following are apparent distinctive features:

1. Best because most natural language culturc.
2. Easy firading for composition.
3. Oral instruction in permanent form.

4. A practical course in writing.
e Sample copy 10 cents, or complete set of the Child's Book of Language, in-
cluding Teacher's Editions, 50 cents.
C. E. LANE, General Agent for the Northwest,

No. 61, Washington St., Chicago.

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Milwaukee Disa

GO TO THE
SPENCERIAN COLLEGE, where you can prepare
yourselves for business pursvits in the best
manner, at the least expense, and in the short-
est time. Students received at any time.
Write for circulars. Address

R. C. SPENCER, Milwaukee, Wis.

An elementry Treatise on PRONUNCIATION for the use of Teachers and Schools. By Prof. A. SALISBURY, A. M., Conductor of Teachers' Institutes and Teacher of Reading in the White. water Normal School, Wisconsin. Price, 50 cente. Wm. J. PARK & CO., Publishers,

Madison, Wis.
BUCKEYE BELL FOUNDRY.

Established in 1837.
Superior Bells of Copper and Tin, mounted
with the best Rotary Hangings, for Churches,
Schools, Farms, Factories, Court-houses, Fire
Alarnis, Tower Clocks, etc. Fully Warranted

Illustrated Catalogue sent Free.
VANDUZEN & TIFT, 102 E. 2d St., Cincinnall.

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ELEMENTS OF ENGLISH ANALYSIS, Illustrated by a New System of Diagrams. By Stephen H. Carpenter, Prof. of English in the University of Wisconsin.

This book, the result of the author's experience in the class room, is designed to assist students, by a System of Diagrams, in obtaining the outline structure of sentences, which a thorough knowledge of English grammar demands, and thus fix in the eye and mind the principles of analysis, a correct knowledge of which, as a rule, is wanting among students. Price, in boards, 25 cents. Mailed on receipt of price. Now ready, a Treatise on Orthoepy.

W. J. PARK & Co., Publishers, Madison, Wis.

ENCYCLOPÆDIA BRITANNICA. Publishers' Authorized Subscription Edition, printed in Edinburg from the original stereotype plates. Chas. Scribner's Sons, Agents in the U. S. For sale exclusively by subscription. Large type, fine colored maps, steel plates. Same letter press as the Trade Edition. Cloth, per vol. small quarto,

$5.00 Library,

6 00 Half Calf,

7.00 Half Russia,"

8.00 JOHN P. HAIRE, Janesville, Wis.,

Agent in Wisconsin.

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THE GREATEST LIVING AUTHORS, such as Prof. Max Mueller, Rt. Hon. W. E. Gladstone, Jas. A. Froude, Prof. Huxley, R. A. Procter, Edw. A. Freeman, Prof. Tyndal, Dr. W. B. Carpenter, Frances Power Cobbe, The Duke of Argyll, William Black, Miss Thackeray, Mrs. Muloch-Craik, George MacDonald, Mrs. Oliphant, Jean Ingelow, Thomas Hardy, Matthew Arnold, Henry Kingsley, W. w. Story, Turguenief, Ruskin, Tennyson, Browning, and many others, are represented in the pages of

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LITTELL'S LIVING AGE.

.

In 1880, THE LIVING AGE enters upon its Thirty-seventh year, admittedly unrivalled and continuously successful. During the year, it will furnish to its readers the productions of the most eminent authors, above named, and many others; embracing the choicest Serial and Short Stories by the Leading Foreign Novelists, and an amount

UNAPPROACHED BY ANY OTHER PERIODICAL in the world, of the most valuable Literary and Scientific matter of the day, from the pens of the foremost Essayists, Scientists, Critics, Discoverers and Editors, representing every departmenl of Knowledge and Progress. THE LIVING AGE is a weekly magazine, giving more than

THREE AND A QUARTER THOUSAND double-column octavo pages of reading-inatter yearly. It presents in an inexpensive form, considering its great amount of reading matter, with freshness, owing to its weekly issue, and with a satisfactory completeness attempted by no other publication, the best Essays, Reviews, Criticisms, Tales, Sketches of Travel and Discovery, Poetry, Scientific, Biographical, Historical and Political Infor. mation, from the entire body of Foreigo Periodical Literature.

It is therefore invaluable to every American reader, as the only satisfactorily fresh and COMPLETE compilation of an indispensable current_literature, indispensable because it embraces the productions of the

ABLEST LIVING WRITERS. "The last volume of the LIVING AGE presents a fresh example of the judgment in selection and adaptation to the demands of the best popular literature, which have secured so wide a circalation to that periodical."'- N. Y. Tribune.

" It covers the whole field of literature, and covers it completely, thoroughly and impartially." - Times, Cincinnati.

" It affords the best, the cheapest, and most convenient means of keeping abreast with the progress of thought in all its phasee."— North American, Philadelphia.

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" It so fully supplies ihe wants of the reading public that through its pages alone it is possi. ble to be as thoroughly, well informed in carrent literature as hy the perusal of a long list of monthlies." - Philadelphia Inquirer.

“ To read it weekly is a liberal education." — Zion's Herald. Boston.

With it alone a reader may fairly keep up with all ibat is important in the literature, his. tory, politics and science of ihe day."The Methodist, New York.

" It holds the palm against ull iivals." - Commercial, Louisville. “ It is INDISPENSABLE TO EVERY ONE who desires a thorough compendium of all that is admirable and noteworihy in the literature of the word." - Boston Post.

“There is no way of procuring the same amount of excellent literature for anything like the same price."-- Boston Advertiser.

THE LIVING AGE is published weekly at $8.00 a year, free of postage; or for $10.50 THE LIVING AGE and either one of the American $i Montblies (or Harper's Weekly or Bazar") will be sent for one year, both postpaid; or for $9.50 THE LIVING AGE und ihe SI Nicholas or Appleton's Journal.

EXTRA OFFER FOR 1880. To all new subscribers for 1880 will be sent gratis the numbers of 1879 which contain, besides other interesting matter, the first chapters of “HE WHO WILL NOT WHEN HE MAY," a new story by MRS. OLIPHANT, now appearing in THE LIVING AGE from advance sheets. Address,

LITTELL & CO., Boston.

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