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LESSONS

SYNOPSIS OF LESSONS

PAGE

1-The Modern Gasoline Automobile and Its Principal Parts 17

2-Action of Two and Four Stroke Cycle Motors...

3-Parts of Gasoline Motors and Their Functions...

4-Fuels for Automobile Motors....

5-Theory of Carburetion and Its Application... 6-Types of Carburetors and Their Action....

37

54

105

114

120

147

7-How Gas is Exploded in Cylinder to Produce Power..... 141 8-Parts of Ignition Systems and Their Purposes. 9-Current Producers, Batteries, Dynamos and Magnetos... 164

.....

10-Low Tension Ignition Systems..

189

11-High Tension Ignition Systems...

195

12-Methods of Lubricating the Automobile Power Plant..... 210

13-Cooling the Gasoline Engine by Air.....

231

14-Typical Water Cooling Systems..

240

15-Use of Clutch and Various Types Described....

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26-How to Start and Control Automobile Power Plants..... 425

LESSONS

27-Methods of Speed Changing Outlined.. 28-Utility of Brakes and Their Use....

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433

448

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ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The writer wishes to acknowledge his indebtedness to a number of the leading automobile and parts manufacturers who furnished instruction books and photographs from which a number of the illustrations used were taken and which also offered valuable suggestions for treatment of this subject. While in nearly all cases credit is given in connection with illustration to the user or maker of the construction shown, general credit is due to the following manufacturers whose co-operation has made the production of a complete and authoritative work possible:

Packard Motor Car Co., Detroit, Mich.
Chalmers Motor Car Co., Detroit, Mich.
Willys Overland Co., Toledo, Ohio.
Weston-Mott Co., Flint, Mich.

Hupp Motor Co., Detroit, Mich.

New Departure Manufacturing Co., Bristol, Conn.
Locomobile Co., Bridgeport, Conn.

Pierce Arrow Motor Car Co., Buffalo, N. Y.
National Motor Truck Co., Bay City, Mich.
Chase Motor Truck Co., Syracuse, N. Y.
Thomas B. Jeffery Co., Kenosha, Wis.

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LESSON ONE

THE MODERN GASOLINE AUTOMOBILE AND ITS PRINCIPAL PARTS

Q. What is an automobile?

A. Any form of wheeled conveyance propelled by a prime mover carried by it as an integral part of its mechanism, is an automobile. This term, however, is usually applied only to those forms of selfpropelling vehicles designed to replace pleasure vehicles or trucks formerly drawn by horses. The steam roller, gas traction engine, steam locomotive, and various other forms of self-propelling machinery are not included in this classification.

Q. Name the three principal types of automobile.

A. Three forms of automobiles have been generally used, these being termed steam, electric or gasoline, according to the nature of their power plant. Forms of cars propelled by liquid air or compressed air have been tried but found unsatisfactory.

Q. What are the advantages of steam power?

A. The most important advantage of the steam engine as an automobile power plant, is that it is extremely flexible and is capable of delivering power which augments directly as the amount of steam admitted to the cylinders increases. All functions of the starting, stopping, reversing and speed changing may be obtained directly by throttle control. When more power is needed, as in hill climbing, the throttle is opened wider and more steam is admitted from the boiler to the cylinders, thus directly increasing the engine power. The steam automobile has disadvantages that offset the good features. Among these may be mentioned difficulty in starting promptly, as firing up is necessary in order to generate sufficient steam to run the engine; use of naked flame under the boiler which

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