Principles of Political Economy: With Some of Their Applications to Social PhilosophyLongmans, Green, and Company, 1904 - 591 стор. |
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Сторінка 21
... suppose that the same body of labourers carried on a manufacture , and grew food to sustain themselves while doing it , they have had for their trouble the food and the manufactured article ; but if they also grew the material and made ...
... suppose that the same body of labourers carried on a manufacture , and grew food to sustain themselves while doing it , they have had for their trouble the food and the manufactured article ; but if they also grew the material and made ...
Сторінка 33
... Suppose that the proportion of the annual produce applied to the first pur- pose amounts to half ; then one - half the productive labourers of the country are all that are employed in the opera- tions on which the permanent wealth of ...
... Suppose that the proportion of the annual produce applied to the first pur- pose amounts to half ; then one - half the productive labourers of the country are all that are employed in the opera- tions on which the permanent wealth of ...
Сторінка 35
... suppose that the change takes place on a considera ble scale , and that a large sum is diverted from buying plate and jewels to employing productive labourers , whom we shall suppose to have been previously , like the Irish peasantry ...
... suppose that the change takes place on a considera ble scale , and that a large sum is diverted from buying plate and jewels to employing productive labourers , whom we shall suppose to have been previously , like the Irish peasantry ...
Сторінка 36
... Suppose that the government lays a tax on the produc- tion in one of its earlier stages , as for instance by taxing the material . The manufacturer has to advance the tax , before commencing the manufacture , and is therefore under a ...
... Suppose that the government lays a tax on the produc- tion in one of its earlier stages , as for instance by taxing the material . The manufacturer has to advance the tax , before commencing the manufacture , and is therefore under a ...
Сторінка 38
... suppose that C does not employ the loan in improving his land , but in paying off a former mort- gage , or in making a provision for children . Whether the ten thousand pounds thus employed are capital or not , will depend on what is ...
... suppose that C does not employ the loan in improving his land , but in paying off a former mort- gage , or in making a provision for children . Whether the ten thousand pounds thus employed are capital or not , will depend on what is ...
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Загальні терміни та фрази
accumulation Adam Smith advantage agricultural amount Bank of England capitalist cause circulating capital cloth commodities competition condition consumed corn cost of production crease cultivation currency dealers degree demand depend diminished duce duction effect employed employment enable England equal equivalent exchange exchange value existing expense exports farmer farms favourable foreign France funds Germany greater human hundred quarters important improvement income increase industry interest labouring classes land landlord law of value less limited linen manufacture means ment metals metayer mode modities nations natural necessary obtained operations paid payment peasant permanent persons political economy population portion possession present principle produce proportion proprietors purchase quantity rate of profit remuneration rent rise saving society soil sufficient sumers supply suppose things tion tivation trade unproductive value of money wages wealth whole
Популярні уривки
Сторінка 570 - The only case in which, on mere principles of political economy, protecting duties can be defensible, is when they are imposed temporarily (especially in a young and rising nation) in hopes of naturalizing a foreign industry, in itself perfectly suitable to the circumstances of the country.
Сторінка 589 - Now any well-intentioned and tolerably civilized government may think without presumption that it does or ought to possess a degree of cultivation above the average of the community which it rules, and that it should, therefore, be capable of offering better education and better instruction to the people, than the greater number of them would spontaneously select. Education, therefore, is one of those things which it is admissible in principle that a government should provide for the people.
Сторінка 86 - But though they were very poor, and therefore but indifferently accommodated with the necessary machinery, they could, when they exerted themselves, make among them about twelve pounds of pins in a day.
Сторінка 128 - The niggardliness of nature, not the injustice of society, is the cause of the penalty attached to overpopulation. An unjust distribution of wealth does not aggravate the evil, but, at most, causes it to be somewhat earlier felt. It is in vain to say that all mouths which the increase of mankind calls into existence bring with them hands. The new mouths require as much food as the old ones, and the hands do not produce as much.
Сторінка 245 - Compute in any particular place, what is likely to be annually gained, and what is likely to be annually spent, by all the different workmen in any common trade, such as that of shoemakers or weavers, and you will find that the former sum will generally exceed the latter. But make the same computation with regard to all the counsellors and students of law, in all the different inns of court, and you will find that their annual gains bear but a very small proportion to their annual expense, even though...
Сторінка 195 - It could never, however, be the interest even of this last species of cultivators, to lay out, in the further improvement of the land, any part of the little stock which they might save from their own share of the produce, because the lord, who laid out nothing, was to get one half of whatever it produced.
Сторінка 467 - Most fitting, indeed, is it, that while riches are power, and to grow as rich as possible the universal object of ambition, the path to its attainment should be open to all, without favor or partiality.
Сторінка 67 - Capital which in this manner fulfils the whole of its office in the production in which it is engaged, by a single use, is called circulating capital.
Сторінка 243 - Honour makes a great part of the reward of all honourable professions. In point of pecuniary gain, all things considered, they are generally under-recompensed, as I shall endeavour to show by and by.
Сторінка 468 - It is only in the backward countries of the world that increased production is still an important object: in those most advanced, what is economically needed is a better distribution, of which one indispensable means is a stricter restraint on population.