Principles of Political Economy: With Some of Their Applications to Social PhilosophyLongmans, Green, and Company, 1904 - 591 стор. |
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Сторінка vii
... agricultural , manufacturing , and commercial CHAPTER III Of Unproductive Labour . § 1. Labour does not produce objects , but utilities 2 . - which are of three kinds 3. Productive labour is that which produces utilities fixed and em ...
... agricultural , manufacturing , and commercial CHAPTER III Of Unproductive Labour . § 1. Labour does not produce objects , but utilities 2 . - which are of three kinds 3. Productive labour is that which produces utilities fixed and em ...
Сторінка 7
... agricultural the transition is not indeed easy , ( for no great change in the habits of mankind is otherwise than difficult , and in general either painful or very slow , ) but it lies in what may be called the spontaneous course of ...
... agricultural the transition is not indeed easy , ( for no great change in the habits of mankind is otherwise than difficult , and in general either painful or very slow , ) but it lies in what may be called the spontaneous course of ...
Сторінка 9
... agricultural communities of ancient Europe whose early condition is best known to us , the course of things was different . These , at their origin , were mostly small town - commu- nities , at the first plantation of which , in an ...
... agricultural communities of ancient Europe whose early condition is best known to us , the course of things was different . These , at their origin , were mostly small town - commu- nities , at the first plantation of which , in an ...
Сторінка 10
... agricultural commu- nities a frequent cause was the mere pressure of their increasing population upon their limited land , aggravated as that pressure so often was by deficient harvests in the rude state of their agri- culture , and ...
... agricultural commu- nities a frequent cause was the mere pressure of their increasing population upon their limited land , aggravated as that pressure so often was by deficient harvests in the rude state of their agri- culture , and ...
Сторінка 20
... agricultural population until the next harvest . They are only enabled to produce so many other things besides food , because the food which was in store at the close of the last harvest suffices to maintain not only the agricultural ...
... agricultural population until the next harvest . They are only enabled to produce so many other things besides food , because the food which was in store at the close of the last harvest suffices to maintain not only the agricultural ...
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Загальні терміни та фрази
accumulation Adam Smith advantage agricultural amount Bank of England capitalist cause circulating capital cloth commodities competition condition consumed corn cost of production crease cultivation currency dealers degree demand depend diminished duce duction effect employed employment enable England equal equivalent exchange exchange value existing expense exports farmer farms favourable foreign France funds Germany greater human hundred quarters important improvement income increase industry interest labouring classes land landlord law of value less limited linen manufacture means ment metals metayer mode modities nations natural necessary obtained operations paid payment peasant permanent persons political economy population portion possession present principle produce proportion proprietors purchase quantity rate of profit remuneration rent rise saving society soil sufficient sumers supply suppose things tion tivation trade unproductive value of money wages wealth whole
Популярні уривки
Сторінка 570 - The only case in which, on mere principles of political economy, protecting duties can be defensible, is when they are imposed temporarily (especially in a young and rising nation) in hopes of naturalizing a foreign industry, in itself perfectly suitable to the circumstances of the country.
Сторінка 589 - Now any well-intentioned and tolerably civilized government may think without presumption that it does or ought to possess a degree of cultivation above the average of the community which it rules, and that it should, therefore, be capable of offering better education and better instruction to the people, than the greater number of them would spontaneously select. Education, therefore, is one of those things which it is admissible in principle that a government should provide for the people.
Сторінка 86 - But though they were very poor, and therefore but indifferently accommodated with the necessary machinery, they could, when they exerted themselves, make among them about twelve pounds of pins in a day.
Сторінка 128 - The niggardliness of nature, not the injustice of society, is the cause of the penalty attached to overpopulation. An unjust distribution of wealth does not aggravate the evil, but, at most, causes it to be somewhat earlier felt. It is in vain to say that all mouths which the increase of mankind calls into existence bring with them hands. The new mouths require as much food as the old ones, and the hands do not produce as much.
Сторінка 245 - Compute in any particular place, what is likely to be annually gained, and what is likely to be annually spent, by all the different workmen in any common trade, such as that of shoemakers or weavers, and you will find that the former sum will generally exceed the latter. But make the same computation with regard to all the counsellors and students of law, in all the different inns of court, and you will find that their annual gains bear but a very small proportion to their annual expense, even though...
Сторінка 195 - It could never, however, be the interest even of this last species of cultivators, to lay out, in the further improvement of the land, any part of the little stock which they might save from their own share of the produce, because the lord, who laid out nothing, was to get one half of whatever it produced.
Сторінка 467 - Most fitting, indeed, is it, that while riches are power, and to grow as rich as possible the universal object of ambition, the path to its attainment should be open to all, without favor or partiality.
Сторінка 67 - Capital which in this manner fulfils the whole of its office in the production in which it is engaged, by a single use, is called circulating capital.
Сторінка 243 - Honour makes a great part of the reward of all honourable professions. In point of pecuniary gain, all things considered, they are generally under-recompensed, as I shall endeavour to show by and by.
Сторінка 468 - It is only in the backward countries of the world that increased production is still an important object: in those most advanced, what is economically needed is a better distribution, of which one indispensable means is a stricter restraint on population.