The Electromagnetic Interaction in Nuclear Spectroscopy

angle angular angular distribution approximation atomic beam calculations charge coefficients coincidence components computed conversion conversion coefficients correction correlation corresponding Coulomb count crystal decay defined deformed density depends described detector determined directional discussed distribution effects efficiency electric electron energy equation errors et al example excitation experimental experiments expressed factor field function gamma gamma-ray Ge(Li give given half-life Hence important Instr integral intensity interaction internal conversion limit magnetic matrix elements measurements method mixing multipole Nucl nuclear nuclei observed obtained operator orientation parameters particle peak perturbation Phys polarization position possible present pulse quadrupole radiation ratio reaction reduced region relation relative represented resolution respect rotational scattering shape shift shown shows spectrometer spectrum statistical symmetry tensor theory tion transition transition probabilities usually values width y-ray