Recent Advances on Oak Health in Europe

abiotic abscission abscission zone acorns analysis Armillaria species Armillaria spp assessment beetles biotic BOHÁR branches cause Ceratocystis cerris climatic cork oak crown condition damage decrease deficit defoliation dieback disease drought ecological ecosystems Europe European oak Évora foliage Forest Districts forest-steppe forestry frainetto frost cracks fungal fungi gallica gene genetic haplotypes holm oak increase incremental response insects Krotoszyn leaf leaves lineage Lymantria dispar mellea method Middle Povolzhje mildew montado Niepołomice nutrient oak decline oak forests oak species oak trees oak wilt occurred Ophiostoma ostoyae OSZAKO pathogens pedunculate oak pests photosynthesis photosynthesis light plants plots Poland populations precipitation predisposing primers provenances Quercus petraea Quercus robur radial growth region root Russia samples sessile oak share of trees shoots showed SIWECKI Smolarz southern Sweden stomatal conductance stress factors studies synthetic index Table temperature tion tree species twigs VAJNA Vierzon vitality weakened xylem